Effectiveness of a guided multicomponent internet and mobile gratitude training program - A pragmatic randomized controlled trial

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Effectiveness of a guided multicomponent internet and mobile gratitude training program - A pragmatic randomized controlled trial. / Lehr, Dirk; Freund, Henning; Sieland, Bernhard et al.
in: Internet Interventions, Jahrgang 38, 100787, 01.12.2024.

Publikation: Beiträge in ZeitschriftenZeitschriftenaufsätzeForschungbegutachtet

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@article{2d3b10dae4f94277a95b1d1ba87b4128,
title = "Effectiveness of a guided multicomponent internet and mobile gratitude training program - A pragmatic randomized controlled trial",
abstract = "Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of a guided, internet- and smartphone-based gratitude intervention on the transdiagnostic risk-factor {\textquoteleft}repetitive negative thinking{\textquoteright}. The multicomponent intervention integrates a variety of gratitude exercises, targeting the cognitive, emotional and behavioural facets of gratitude. Method: Two hundred adults with pronounced repetitive negative thinking were recruited from the general population. Participants were randomly assigned to either a four-session guided gratitude intervention (n = 100) or waiting list (n = 100). The primary outcome was repetitive negative thinking three months after randomization, with exploratory assessments at six weeks and six months, the latter just for participants in the intervention group. Results: Following the intention-to-treat principle, by analyses of covariance (ANCOVA), the gratitude intervention group exhibited significantly lower levels of repetitive negative thinking than controls at three months, with d = 0.66, 95 % CI [0.37, 0.94] maintained at six-month follow-up. Significant and meaningful beneficial effects were observed in symptoms of depression (d = 0.42) and generalized anxiety (d = 0.38). These effects were notably stronger in intervention completers who finished at least three sessions. Conclusions: Results suggest that a multicomponent gratitude intervention is effective at reducing repetitive negative thinking. Multicomponent interventions may be a next step needed to fully realize the potential of gratitude interventions. Such interventions could expand the repertoire of transdiagnostic interventions, especially for repetitive negative thinking. Furthermore, due to its positive connotations, gratitude is a candidate for an indirect intervention aimed at reducing the burden of depression in the general population. Trial registration: The study is registered in the German Clinical Trial Register (approved primary register of the WHO) as DRKS00006825. The trial protocol can be assessed at: https://www.drks.de/",
keywords = "Gratitude, Internet and mobile intervention, Positive psychology, Repetitive negative thinking, Transdiagnostic, Health sciences, Psychology",
author = "Dirk Lehr and Henning Freund and Bernhard Sieland and Lina Kalon and Matthias Berking and Heleen Riper and Ebert, {David Daniel}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 The Authors",
year = "2024",
month = dec,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1016/j.invent.2024.100787",
language = "English",
volume = "38",
journal = "Internet Interventions",
issn = "2214-7829",
publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Effectiveness of a guided multicomponent internet and mobile gratitude training program - A pragmatic randomized controlled trial

AU - Lehr, Dirk

AU - Freund, Henning

AU - Sieland, Bernhard

AU - Kalon, Lina

AU - Berking, Matthias

AU - Riper, Heleen

AU - Ebert, David Daniel

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2024 The Authors

PY - 2024/12/1

Y1 - 2024/12/1

N2 - Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of a guided, internet- and smartphone-based gratitude intervention on the transdiagnostic risk-factor ‘repetitive negative thinking’. The multicomponent intervention integrates a variety of gratitude exercises, targeting the cognitive, emotional and behavioural facets of gratitude. Method: Two hundred adults with pronounced repetitive negative thinking were recruited from the general population. Participants were randomly assigned to either a four-session guided gratitude intervention (n = 100) or waiting list (n = 100). The primary outcome was repetitive negative thinking three months after randomization, with exploratory assessments at six weeks and six months, the latter just for participants in the intervention group. Results: Following the intention-to-treat principle, by analyses of covariance (ANCOVA), the gratitude intervention group exhibited significantly lower levels of repetitive negative thinking than controls at three months, with d = 0.66, 95 % CI [0.37, 0.94] maintained at six-month follow-up. Significant and meaningful beneficial effects were observed in symptoms of depression (d = 0.42) and generalized anxiety (d = 0.38). These effects were notably stronger in intervention completers who finished at least three sessions. Conclusions: Results suggest that a multicomponent gratitude intervention is effective at reducing repetitive negative thinking. Multicomponent interventions may be a next step needed to fully realize the potential of gratitude interventions. Such interventions could expand the repertoire of transdiagnostic interventions, especially for repetitive negative thinking. Furthermore, due to its positive connotations, gratitude is a candidate for an indirect intervention aimed at reducing the burden of depression in the general population. Trial registration: The study is registered in the German Clinical Trial Register (approved primary register of the WHO) as DRKS00006825. The trial protocol can be assessed at: https://www.drks.de/

AB - Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of a guided, internet- and smartphone-based gratitude intervention on the transdiagnostic risk-factor ‘repetitive negative thinking’. The multicomponent intervention integrates a variety of gratitude exercises, targeting the cognitive, emotional and behavioural facets of gratitude. Method: Two hundred adults with pronounced repetitive negative thinking were recruited from the general population. Participants were randomly assigned to either a four-session guided gratitude intervention (n = 100) or waiting list (n = 100). The primary outcome was repetitive negative thinking three months after randomization, with exploratory assessments at six weeks and six months, the latter just for participants in the intervention group. Results: Following the intention-to-treat principle, by analyses of covariance (ANCOVA), the gratitude intervention group exhibited significantly lower levels of repetitive negative thinking than controls at three months, with d = 0.66, 95 % CI [0.37, 0.94] maintained at six-month follow-up. Significant and meaningful beneficial effects were observed in symptoms of depression (d = 0.42) and generalized anxiety (d = 0.38). These effects were notably stronger in intervention completers who finished at least three sessions. Conclusions: Results suggest that a multicomponent gratitude intervention is effective at reducing repetitive negative thinking. Multicomponent interventions may be a next step needed to fully realize the potential of gratitude interventions. Such interventions could expand the repertoire of transdiagnostic interventions, especially for repetitive negative thinking. Furthermore, due to its positive connotations, gratitude is a candidate for an indirect intervention aimed at reducing the burden of depression in the general population. Trial registration: The study is registered in the German Clinical Trial Register (approved primary register of the WHO) as DRKS00006825. The trial protocol can be assessed at: https://www.drks.de/

KW - Gratitude

KW - Internet and mobile intervention

KW - Positive psychology

KW - Repetitive negative thinking

KW - Transdiagnostic

KW - Health sciences

KW - Psychology

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85209096586&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.invent.2024.100787

DO - 10.1016/j.invent.2024.100787

M3 - Journal articles

C2 - 39635229

AN - SCOPUS:85209096586

VL - 38

JO - Internet Interventions

JF - Internet Interventions

SN - 2214-7829

M1 - 100787

ER -

DOI

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