Generalizing Trust: The Benign Force of Emancipation

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Trust in people is general insofar as it extends to out-groups, that is, unfamiliar and dissimilar others. But whether trust in out-groups can emerge independently from in-group trust is controversial, and conclusive evidence has been unavailable. This article fills this gap, analyzing which conditions create out-group trust independent from in-group trust. Using data from 76 countries around the world, we establish three insights. First, while a high level of in-group trust is the rule, out-group trust varies greatly across countries. Second, out-group trust emerges independent from in-group trust when human empowerment emancipates people from in-group control. Third, other conditions championed as trust-crediting forces do not confound the effect of human empowerment. In conclusion, trust generalizes to out-groups as a result of human empowerment’s emancipatory impulse.
Original languageEnglish
JournalJournal of Cross-Cultural Psychology
Volume46
Issue number7
Pages (from-to)875-896
Number of pages22
ISSN0022-0221
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 09.08.2015

DOI

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  1. Isabelle Fincke

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