Learning with summaries: Effects of representation mode and type of learning activity on comprehension and transfer
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In: Learning and Instruction, Vol. 27, 10.2013, p. 40-49.
Research output: Journal contributions › Journal articles › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Learning with summaries
T2 - Effects of representation mode and type of learning activity on comprehension and transfer
AU - Leopold, Claudia
AU - Sumfleth, Elke
AU - Leutner, Detlev
PY - 2013/10
Y1 - 2013/10
N2 - The purpose of the experiment was to examine whether students better understand a science text when they are asked to self-generate summaries or to study predefined summaries. Furthermore, we tested the effects of verbal and pictorial summaries. The experiment followed a 2 × 2 design with representation mode (verbal vs. pictorial) and learning activity (self-generating vs. studying) as experimental factors. The main dependent variables were learning performance, measured by a comprehension and a transfer test, and strategy use, measured by self-report scales. Seventy-one students (Grade 10) participated in the study. The results showed that studying predefined summaries in a pictorial representation mode facilitated deep understanding. Furthermore, mediation analysis showed that the effect of representational mode was mediated by students' spatial representations of learning content. The effect of spatial representations was in turn facilitated by mental imagery activities.
AB - The purpose of the experiment was to examine whether students better understand a science text when they are asked to self-generate summaries or to study predefined summaries. Furthermore, we tested the effects of verbal and pictorial summaries. The experiment followed a 2 × 2 design with representation mode (verbal vs. pictorial) and learning activity (self-generating vs. studying) as experimental factors. The main dependent variables were learning performance, measured by a comprehension and a transfer test, and strategy use, measured by self-report scales. Seventy-one students (Grade 10) participated in the study. The results showed that studying predefined summaries in a pictorial representation mode facilitated deep understanding. Furthermore, mediation analysis showed that the effect of representational mode was mediated by students' spatial representations of learning content. The effect of spatial representations was in turn facilitated by mental imagery activities.
KW - Drawing
KW - Multimedia learning
KW - Pictorial summary
KW - Summarization
KW - Verbal summary
KW - Psychology
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84877337272&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.learninstruc.2013.02.003
DO - 10.1016/j.learninstruc.2013.02.003
M3 - Journal articles
AN - SCOPUS:84877337272
VL - 27
SP - 40
EP - 49
JO - Learning and Instruction
JF - Learning and Instruction
SN - 0959-4752
ER -