Bed-Sharing in Couples Is Associated With Increased and Stabilized REM Sleep and Sleep-Stage Synchronization

Research output: Journal contributionsJournal articlesResearchpeer-review

Authors

  • Henning Johannes Drews
  • Sebastian Wallot
  • Philip Brysch
  • Hannah Berger-Johannsen
  • Sara Lena Weinhold
  • Panagiotis Mitkidis
  • Paul Christian Baier
  • Julia Lechinger
  • Andreas Roepstorff
  • Robert Göder

Background/Objectives: Sharing the bed with a partner is common among adults and impacts sleep quality with potential implications for mental health. However, hitherto findings are contradictory and particularly polysomnographic data on co-sleeping couples are extremely rare. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a bed partner's presence on individual and dyadic sleep neurophysiology. Methods: Young healthy heterosexual couples underwent sleep-lab-based polysomnography of two sleeping arrangements: individual sleep and co-sleep. Individual and dyadic sleep parameters (i.e., synchronization of sleep stages) were collected. The latter were assessed using cross-recurrence quantification analysis. Additionally, subjective sleep quality, relationship characteristics, and chronotype were monitored. Data were analyzed comparing co-sleep vs. individual sleep. Interaction effects of the sleeping arrangement with gender, chronotype, or relationship characteristics were moreover tested. Results: As compared to sleeping individually, co-sleeping was associated with about 10% more REM sleep, less fragmented REM sleep (p = 0.008), longer undisturbed REM fragments (p = 0.0006), and more limb movements (p = 0.007). None of the other sleep stages was significantly altered. Social support interacted with sleeping arrangement in a way that individuals with suboptimal social support showed the biggest impact of the sleeping arrangement on REM sleep. Sleep architectures were more synchronized between partners during co-sleep (p = 0.005) even if wake phases were excluded (p = 0.022). Moreover, sleep architectures are significantly coupled across a lag of ± 5min. Depth of relationship represented an additional significant main effect regarding synchronization, reflecting a positive association between the two. Neither REM sleep nor synchronization was influenced by gender, chronotype, or other relationship characteristics. Conclusion: Depending on the sleeping arrangement, couple's sleep architecture and synchronization show alterations that are modified by relationship characteristics. We discuss that these alterations could be part of a self-enhancing feedback loop of REM sleep and sociality and a mechanism through which sociality prevents mental illness.

Original languageEnglish
Article number583
JournalFrontiers in Psychiatry
Volume11
Number of pages12
ISSN1664-0640
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 25.06.2020
Externally publishedYes

Bibliographical note

Copyright © 2020 Drews, Wallot, Brysch, Berger-Johannsen, Weinhold, Mitkidis, Baier, Lechinger, Roepstorff and Göder.

    Research areas

  • Psychology - bed-sharing, chronotype, co-sleep, physiological coupling, relationship quality, REM sleep, sociality, synchronization

DOI

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