TY - CHAP

T1 - Human and veterinary drugs in the environment

AU - Rastogi, Tushar

AU - Ahmed, Waleed Mohamed Mamdouh Mahmoud

AU - Kümmerer, Klaus

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

PY - 2017/1/1

Y1 - 2017/1/1

N2 - Pharmaceutical micropollutants in the environment are seen as a threat to health, water, and food safety. Drug residues present in the environment impose adverse effects to aquatic world. Recent research has shown that this problem cannot be solved with advanced treatment processes. Very often, pharmaceuticals are transformed to other products. Effects and risk assessments are generally performed based on single compounds instead of cocktail mixture which is not the situation in the environment. The sustainable solution for pharmaceutical emerging contaminants in the environment will be benign by design, which can be the paradigm of the future. Benign by design means that easy (bio)degradability of pharmaceuticals (and/or chemicals) after use or application is taken into account even before it is synthesized, that is, during the lead optimization stages. It is an important concept within green and sustainable pharmacy and chemistry and very promising in terms of sustainability.

AB - Pharmaceutical micropollutants in the environment are seen as a threat to health, water, and food safety. Drug residues present in the environment impose adverse effects to aquatic world. Recent research has shown that this problem cannot be solved with advanced treatment processes. Very often, pharmaceuticals are transformed to other products. Effects and risk assessments are generally performed based on single compounds instead of cocktail mixture which is not the situation in the environment. The sustainable solution for pharmaceutical emerging contaminants in the environment will be benign by design, which can be the paradigm of the future. Benign by design means that easy (bio)degradability of pharmaceuticals (and/or chemicals) after use or application is taken into account even before it is synthesized, that is, during the lead optimization stages. It is an important concept within green and sustainable pharmacy and chemistry and very promising in terms of sustainability.

KW - Benign by design

KW - Emerging contaminants

KW - Environment fate

KW - Legalization

KW - Metabolite

KW - Pharmaceutical micropollutant

KW - Risk assessment

KW - Sustainable chemistry

KW - Toxicity

KW - Transformation product

KW - Wastewater treatment

KW - Chemistry

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85051957310&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/B978-0-12-809665-9.09991-2

DO - 10.1016/B978-0-12-809665-9.09991-2

M3 - Articles for encyclopedia

AN - SCOPUS:85051957310

SN - 9780128135761

VL - 1-5

SP - 263

EP - 268

BT - Encyclopedia of the Anthropocene

PB - Elsevier B.V.

ER -