Within the study "Schule im Wandel" (SchiWa) ("Schools in course of time") selected questionnaire instruments and tests of the school study "Drei-Länder-Studie" (DLS) by Helmut Fend, conducted in 1978/79, were applied again and piloted in a pre-study from January until March 2017. The pilot-study aims to examine the present reliability and validity of central subject-specific and affective-motivational outcomes of students, characteristics of school and teaching quality as well as teacher attitudes. It, therefore, creates the methodological prerequisites for a time comparison at school level, showing any possible changes after about 40 years within an intended follow up-study. The time comparison, which will be accompanied by historical studies of the former and present situation at schools, ought to provide new insights into stability and change of characteristics at school and classroom/instruction level in connection with the social and performance-related composition of students (heterogeneity); this comparison is also to show the dependence thereof on teaching and learning-related teachers’ attitudes and students’ parental support.