TY - JOUR

T1 - Depression and social anxiety in help-seeking patients with an ultra-high risk for developing psychosis

AU - Rietdijk, Judith

AU - Ising, Helga K.

AU - Dragt, Sara

AU - Klaassen, Rianne

AU - Nieman, Dorien

AU - Wunderink, Lex

AU - Cuijpers, Pim

AU - Linszen, Don

AU - van der Gaag, Mark

N1 - Funding Information: This study was supported by the Netherlands Health Research Council (ZonMW), The Hague 120510001 ; NTR1085 (Principal Investigator M. van der Gaag PhD). ZonMW had no further role in the study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the paper for publication.

PY - 2013/10/30

Y1 - 2013/10/30

N2 - Knowledge on associations between ultra-high risk (UHR) for developing psychosis and on nonpsychotic psychopathology in help-seeking populations is limited with respect to differences between male and female patients. The present study tests the hypothesis that both social anxiety and depression are highly prevalent in an UHR population, particularly among women. From February 2008 to February 2010 baseline data were collected from help-seeking subjects (14–35 years) who were included in the Dutch Early Detection and Intervention Evaluation (EDIE-NL) trial. Two recruiting strategies were used: a two-stage screening strategy in a population of consecutive help-seeking and distressed subjects of secondary mental health services, and a referral strategy. This study included 201 patients with a mean age of 22.7 years. Of these, 102 (51%) were female, 58% of the patients met the criteria for clinical depression on the Beck Depression Inventory and 42% met the criteria for clinical social phobia on the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale. Women showed more depression and social anxiety than men. The results support the hypothesis that UHR is associated with depression and social anxiety, particularly in women. Screening a help-seeking population with depression and anxiety may be effective in detecting patients at UHR for developing psychosis.

AB - Knowledge on associations between ultra-high risk (UHR) for developing psychosis and on nonpsychotic psychopathology in help-seeking populations is limited with respect to differences between male and female patients. The present study tests the hypothesis that both social anxiety and depression are highly prevalent in an UHR population, particularly among women. From February 2008 to February 2010 baseline data were collected from help-seeking subjects (14–35 years) who were included in the Dutch Early Detection and Intervention Evaluation (EDIE-NL) trial. Two recruiting strategies were used: a two-stage screening strategy in a population of consecutive help-seeking and distressed subjects of secondary mental health services, and a referral strategy. This study included 201 patients with a mean age of 22.7 years. Of these, 102 (51%) were female, 58% of the patients met the criteria for clinical depression on the Beck Depression Inventory and 42% met the criteria for clinical social phobia on the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale. Women showed more depression and social anxiety than men. The results support the hypothesis that UHR is associated with depression and social anxiety, particularly in women. Screening a help-seeking population with depression and anxiety may be effective in detecting patients at UHR for developing psychosis.

KW - Health sciences

KW - ultra-high risk for psychosis

KW - Early detection

KW - Psychosis

KW - Psychology

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84885483068&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/d3e5acfb-3cd2-3b2f-b356-8442f28b87c1/

U2 - 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.01.012

DO - 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.01.012

M3 - Journal articles

C2 - 23433870

VL - 209

SP - 309

EP - 313

JO - Psychiatry Research

JF - Psychiatry Research

SN - 1872-7123

IS - 3

ER -