This document is the result of a technical cooperation agreement between the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the Unit for Agricultural Rural Planning of the Colombian Ministry for Agriculture and Rural Development. It presents a legal, institutional, conceptual and methodological framework on concentration and foreign ownership of productive rural land in Colombia in the context of the Voluntary Guidelines on Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security (VGGT). The analysis is focused on the Colombian specific context, from which it proposes definitons for rural productive land concentration, accumulation, land-grabbing, and foreign ownership. Based on the VGGT, this document addresses the dynamics related to land property and tenure, its uses, the multiple interests in land in Colombia and its link to an equitable access. Furthermore, it presents an analysis of the historical juridical, institutional and policy trends, and the current positive and negative incentives. It includes a diagnosis of the Colombian case, and outlines a methodological proposal to estimate and identify risks related to large-scale investments in productive rural land in Colombia. Finally, it presents the main conclusions and formulates recommendations for public policy. Keywords: land concentration, foreign investment in land, land-grabbing, accumulation, rural productive land, large-scale investments, food security, human rights approach, risk approach. Cooperation project between FAO Colombia and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development for the implementation of the FAO & CFS (2012) Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure (http://www.fao.org/nr/tenure/voluntary-guidelines/en/). Includes: - Conceptual and methodological framework from a social and economic perspective - State of art on land tenure and governance: current global trends; Colombian historical and current trends - Construction of socio-economic indicators from a risk perspective (vulnerability and threats) of land concentration towards the implementation of the Voluntary Guidelines. - Field research on two case studies (Córdoba and Meta) on land concentration and land grabbing in Colombia and its social, economic and environmental impacts at a local level.