TY - JOUR

T1 - Co-Shaping an Ecosystem for Responsible AI

T2 - Five Types of Expectation Work in Response to a Technological Frame

AU - Minkkinen, Matti

AU - Zimmer, Markus Philipp

AU - Mäntymäki, Matti

N1 - The research was conducted in the Artificial Intelligence Governance and Auditing (AIGA) project funded by Business Finland. Open Access funding provided by University of Turku (UTU) including Turku University Central Hospital.

PY - 2023/2

Y1 - 2023/2

N2 - Governing artificial intelligence (AI) requires cooperation, although the collaboration’s form remains unclear. Technological frames provide a theoretical perspective for understanding how actors interpret a technology and act upon its development, use, and governance. However, we know little about how actors shape technological frames. In this paper, we study the shaping of the technological frame of the European ecosystem for responsible AI (RAI). Through an analysis of EU documents, we identified four expectations that constitute the EU’s technological frame for the RAI ecosystem. Moreover, through interviews with RAI actors, we revealed five types of expectation work responding to this frame: reproducing, translating, and extending (congruent expectation work), and scrutinizing and rooting (incongruent expectation work). Furthermore, we conceptualize expectation work as actors’ purposive actions in creating and negotiating expectations. Our study contributes to the literature on technological frames, technology-centered ecosystems, and RAI while also elucidating the dimensions and co-shaping of technological frames.

AB - Governing artificial intelligence (AI) requires cooperation, although the collaboration’s form remains unclear. Technological frames provide a theoretical perspective for understanding how actors interpret a technology and act upon its development, use, and governance. However, we know little about how actors shape technological frames. In this paper, we study the shaping of the technological frame of the European ecosystem for responsible AI (RAI). Through an analysis of EU documents, we identified four expectations that constitute the EU’s technological frame for the RAI ecosystem. Moreover, through interviews with RAI actors, we revealed five types of expectation work responding to this frame: reproducing, translating, and extending (congruent expectation work), and scrutinizing and rooting (incongruent expectation work). Furthermore, we conceptualize expectation work as actors’ purposive actions in creating and negotiating expectations. Our study contributes to the literature on technological frames, technology-centered ecosystems, and RAI while also elucidating the dimensions and co-shaping of technological frames.

KW - Business informatics

KW - artificial intelligence

KW - AI

KW - Artificial intelligence governance

KW - ecosystems

KW - technological frames

KW - expectations

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85128419734&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/83b421a4-075b-309c-90d6-88c8b2fe53eb/

U2 - 10.1007/s10796-022-10269-2

DO - 10.1007/s10796-022-10269-2

M3 - Journal articles

VL - 25

SP - 103

EP - 121

JO - Information Systems Frontiers

JF - Information Systems Frontiers

SN - 1387-3326

IS - 1

ER -