TY - JOUR

T1 - Assessment of the environmental persistence and long-range transport of endosulfan

AU - Becker, Linus

AU - Scheringer, Martin

AU - Schenker, Urs

AU - Hungerbühler, Konrad

N1 - Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

PY - 2011/6/1

Y1 - 2011/6/1

N2 - Concentrations of the insecticide endosulfan (α- and β-isomer) and its degradation product endosulfan sulfate in air, seawater and soil are calculated with the global environmental fate model CliMoChem. As model input, physicochemical properties of all three compounds were assembled and a latitudinally and temporally resolved emission inventory was generated. For concentrations in air, model and measurements are in good agreement; a bimodal seasonality with two peaks in spring and fall as it is observed in Arctic air is reproduced by the model. For seawater, the agreement of model and measurements depends on the values of the hydrolysis activation energy of endosulfan used in the model; with relatively high values around 100 kJ/mol, model results match field data well. The results of this assessment of the levels, persistence, and global distribution of endosulfan are also relevant for the evaluation of endosulfan as a Persistent Organic Pollutant under the Stockholm Convention.

AB - Concentrations of the insecticide endosulfan (α- and β-isomer) and its degradation product endosulfan sulfate in air, seawater and soil are calculated with the global environmental fate model CliMoChem. As model input, physicochemical properties of all three compounds were assembled and a latitudinally and temporally resolved emission inventory was generated. For concentrations in air, model and measurements are in good agreement; a bimodal seasonality with two peaks in spring and fall as it is observed in Arctic air is reproduced by the model. For seawater, the agreement of model and measurements depends on the values of the hydrolysis activation energy of endosulfan used in the model; with relatively high values around 100 kJ/mol, model results match field data well. The results of this assessment of the levels, persistence, and global distribution of endosulfan are also relevant for the evaluation of endosulfan as a Persistent Organic Pollutant under the Stockholm Convention.

KW - Chemistry

KW - Arctic Regions

KW - Atmosphere

KW - Endosulfan

KW - Environmental Monitoring

KW - Environmental Pollutants

KW - Environmental Pollution

KW - Insecticides

KW - Kinetics

KW - Models, Chemical

KW - Seasons

KW - Seawater

KW - Soil

U2 - 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.02.012

DO - 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.02.012

M3 - Journal articles

C2 - 21429639

VL - 159

SP - 1737

EP - 1743

JO - Environmental Pollution

JF - Environmental Pollution

SN - 0269-7491

IS - 6

ER -