Assessment of the environmental persistence and long-range transport of endosulfan
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In: Environmental Pollution, Vol. 159, No. 6, 01.06.2011, p. 1737-1743.
Research output: Journal contributions › Journal articles › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Assessment of the environmental persistence and long-range transport of endosulfan
AU - Becker, Linus
AU - Scheringer, Martin
AU - Schenker, Urs
AU - Hungerbühler, Konrad
N1 - Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
PY - 2011/6/1
Y1 - 2011/6/1
N2 - Concentrations of the insecticide endosulfan (α- and β-isomer) and its degradation product endosulfan sulfate in air, seawater and soil are calculated with the global environmental fate model CliMoChem. As model input, physicochemical properties of all three compounds were assembled and a latitudinally and temporally resolved emission inventory was generated. For concentrations in air, model and measurements are in good agreement; a bimodal seasonality with two peaks in spring and fall as it is observed in Arctic air is reproduced by the model. For seawater, the agreement of model and measurements depends on the values of the hydrolysis activation energy of endosulfan used in the model; with relatively high values around 100 kJ/mol, model results match field data well. The results of this assessment of the levels, persistence, and global distribution of endosulfan are also relevant for the evaluation of endosulfan as a Persistent Organic Pollutant under the Stockholm Convention.
AB - Concentrations of the insecticide endosulfan (α- and β-isomer) and its degradation product endosulfan sulfate in air, seawater and soil are calculated with the global environmental fate model CliMoChem. As model input, physicochemical properties of all three compounds were assembled and a latitudinally and temporally resolved emission inventory was generated. For concentrations in air, model and measurements are in good agreement; a bimodal seasonality with two peaks in spring and fall as it is observed in Arctic air is reproduced by the model. For seawater, the agreement of model and measurements depends on the values of the hydrolysis activation energy of endosulfan used in the model; with relatively high values around 100 kJ/mol, model results match field data well. The results of this assessment of the levels, persistence, and global distribution of endosulfan are also relevant for the evaluation of endosulfan as a Persistent Organic Pollutant under the Stockholm Convention.
KW - Chemistry
KW - Arctic Regions
KW - Atmosphere
KW - Endosulfan
KW - Environmental Monitoring
KW - Environmental Pollutants
KW - Environmental Pollution
KW - Insecticides
KW - Kinetics
KW - Models, Chemical
KW - Seasons
KW - Seawater
KW - Soil
U2 - 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.02.012
DO - 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.02.012
M3 - Journal articles
C2 - 21429639
VL - 159
SP - 1737
EP - 1743
JO - Environmental Pollution
JF - Environmental Pollution
SN - 0269-7491
IS - 6
ER -