Occurrence and Air-sea exchange of phthalates in the Arctic
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In: Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 41, No. 13, 01.07.2007, p. 4555-4560.
Research output: Journal contributions › Journal articles › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Occurrence and Air-sea exchange of phthalates in the Arctic
AU - Xie, Zhiyong
AU - Ebinghaus, Ralf
AU - Temme, Christian
AU - Lohmann, Rainer
AU - Caba, Armando
AU - Ruck, Wolfgang
PY - 2007/7/1
Y1 - 2007/7/1
N2 - Air and seawater samples were taken simultaneously to investigate the distribution and air-sea gas exchange of phthalates in the Arctic onboard the German Research Ship FS Polarstern. Samples were collected on expeditions ARK XX1&2 from the North Sea to the high Arctic (60° N-85° N) in the summer of 2004. The concentration of Σ6 phthalates (dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP),di-i-butyl phthalate (DiBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP), and diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP)) ranged from 30 to 5030 pg L-1 in the aqueous dissolved phase and from 1110 to 3090 pg m-3 in the atmospheric gas phase. A decreasing latitudinal trend was present in the seawater and to a lesser degree in the atmosphere from the Norwegian coast to the high Arctic. Overall, deposition dominated the air-sea gas exchange for DEHP, while volatilization from seawater took place in the near-coast environment. The estimated net gas deposition of DEHP was 5, 30, and 190 t year-1 for the Norwegian Sea, the Greenland Sea, and the Arctic, respectively. This suggests that atmospheric transport and deposition of phthalates is a significant process for their occurrence in the remote Atlantic and Arctic Ocean. © 2007 American Chemical Society.
AB - Air and seawater samples were taken simultaneously to investigate the distribution and air-sea gas exchange of phthalates in the Arctic onboard the German Research Ship FS Polarstern. Samples were collected on expeditions ARK XX1&2 from the North Sea to the high Arctic (60° N-85° N) in the summer of 2004. The concentration of Σ6 phthalates (dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP),di-i-butyl phthalate (DiBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP), and diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP)) ranged from 30 to 5030 pg L-1 in the aqueous dissolved phase and from 1110 to 3090 pg m-3 in the atmospheric gas phase. A decreasing latitudinal trend was present in the seawater and to a lesser degree in the atmosphere from the Norwegian coast to the high Arctic. Overall, deposition dominated the air-sea gas exchange for DEHP, while volatilization from seawater took place in the near-coast environment. The estimated net gas deposition of DEHP was 5, 30, and 190 t year-1 for the Norwegian Sea, the Greenland Sea, and the Arctic, respectively. This suggests that atmospheric transport and deposition of phthalates is a significant process for their occurrence in the remote Atlantic and Arctic Ocean. © 2007 American Chemical Society.
KW - Chemistry
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=34447256309&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/9dc57144-b479-3f6a-bd04-2e8123723d02/
U2 - 10.1021/es0630240
DO - 10.1021/es0630240
M3 - Journal articles
VL - 41
SP - 4555
EP - 4560
JO - Environmental Science & Technology
JF - Environmental Science & Technology
SN - 0013-936X
IS - 13
ER -