TY - JOUR

T1 - Determination of 10 particle-associated multiclass polar and semi-polar pesticides from small streams using accelerated solvent extraction

AU - Mueller, Ralf

AU - Brack, Werner

AU - Wenzel, Klaus-Dieter

AU - Streck, Georg

AU - Ruck, Wolfgang

AU - Liess, Matthias

AU - Schäfer, Ralf Bernhard

PY - 2008/2/1

Y1 - 2008/2/1

N2 - A new analytical method using accelerated solvent extraction was developed for the determination of 10 particle-associated polar and semipolar pesticides. In addition, six deuterated analogues of the target compounds were evaluated as internal standards. The method yielded acceptable accuracy (73-103% recovery) and precision (<25% relative standard deviation) for eight compounds. Using size exclusion chromatography (SEC) as cleanup step resulted in higher recoveries compared to solid phase extraction (SPE) cleanup. Deuterated standards with 10 or more deuterium atoms performed well as internal standards concerning similar recovery and correlation with the target analytes. The method was employed to extract particle-associated pesticides from 16 streams located in an area with intense agriculture in France. Acetochlor, pirimicarb, tebuconazole, fenpropidin, α-endosulfan and chlorfenvinphos were detected at concentrations up to 1 mg kg -1 dry weight. A comparison with aquatic toxicity data indicated potential risk to the benthic fauna exposed to these concentrations of pirimicarb, α-endosulfan and chlorfenvinphos. We suggest that the method presented here be used for the extraction and quantitation of particle-associated polar pesticides.

AB - A new analytical method using accelerated solvent extraction was developed for the determination of 10 particle-associated polar and semipolar pesticides. In addition, six deuterated analogues of the target compounds were evaluated as internal standards. The method yielded acceptable accuracy (73-103% recovery) and precision (<25% relative standard deviation) for eight compounds. Using size exclusion chromatography (SEC) as cleanup step resulted in higher recoveries compared to solid phase extraction (SPE) cleanup. Deuterated standards with 10 or more deuterium atoms performed well as internal standards concerning similar recovery and correlation with the target analytes. The method was employed to extract particle-associated pesticides from 16 streams located in an area with intense agriculture in France. Acetochlor, pirimicarb, tebuconazole, fenpropidin, α-endosulfan and chlorfenvinphos were detected at concentrations up to 1 mg kg -1 dry weight. A comparison with aquatic toxicity data indicated potential risk to the benthic fauna exposed to these concentrations of pirimicarb, α-endosulfan and chlorfenvinphos. We suggest that the method presented here be used for the extraction and quantitation of particle-associated polar pesticides.

KW - Chemistry

KW - Pressurized liquid extraction

KW - Suspended particles

KW - Size exclusion chromatography

KW - Deuterated internal standard

KW - Field study

KW - Analysis

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=38849137998&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.09.058

DO - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.09.058

M3 - Journal articles

C2 - 17991510

VL - 70

SP - 1952

EP - 1960

JO - Chemosphere

JF - Chemosphere

SN - 0045-6535

IS - 11

ER -