TY - JOUR

T1 - Seeing faces, when faces can't be seen

T2 - Wearing portrait photos has a positive effect on how patients perceive medical staff when face masks have to be worn

AU - Wiesmann, Martin

AU - Franz, Christiane

AU - Sichtermann, Thorsten

AU - Minkenberg, Jan

AU - Mathern, Nathalie

AU - Stockero, Andrea

AU - Iordanishvili, Elene

AU - Freiherr, Jessica

AU - Hodson, Julian

AU - Habel, Ute

AU - Nikoubashman, Omid

PY - 2021/5/19

Y1 - 2021/5/19

N2 - Introduction Since the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, wearing surgical face masks has become mandatory for healthcare staff in many countries when interacting with patients. Recently, it has been shown that wearing face masks impairs social interaction by diminishing a person's ability to read the emotion of their counterparts, an essential prerequisite to respond adequately in social situations. It is easily conceivable that this may have a tangible negative influence on the communication and relationship between patients and healthcare personnel. We therefore investigated whether it has an effect on how patients perceive healthcare professionals when physicians and nursing staff wear portrait photos with their smiling faces in addition to face masks. Methods During the study period of 16 days, the medical staff of our Department wore surgical face masks at all times during any kind of interaction with patients. In a pseudorandomized order, all members of our staff additionally affixed their portrait photos to their work clothes on 8 of the 16 days. After completion of their visit, 226 patients were interviewed anonymously in a cross-sectional study design using a questionnaire in which they rated the following three items: Friendliness of staff, medical quality of treatment, and how well they felt taken care of during treatment in our Department. Results On days, on which staff wore photos, mean scores of the questionnaires were significantly higher than on non-photo days (p = 0.013; mean ± standard deviation = 92.8 ± 11.3 vs. 91.0 ± 12.6; median (range) = 97 (98) vs. 96 (76)). When analyzed separately, the increased scores were only significant for the item friendliness of staff (p = 0.009; mean ± standard deviation = 95.8 ± 6.3 vs. 92.2 ± 11.5; median (range) = 98 (39) vs. 97 (54)). Conclusion Our study suggests that the use of portrait photos with smiling faces has a positive effect on how patients perceive healthcare staff.

AB - Introduction Since the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, wearing surgical face masks has become mandatory for healthcare staff in many countries when interacting with patients. Recently, it has been shown that wearing face masks impairs social interaction by diminishing a person's ability to read the emotion of their counterparts, an essential prerequisite to respond adequately in social situations. It is easily conceivable that this may have a tangible negative influence on the communication and relationship between patients and healthcare personnel. We therefore investigated whether it has an effect on how patients perceive healthcare professionals when physicians and nursing staff wear portrait photos with their smiling faces in addition to face masks. Methods During the study period of 16 days, the medical staff of our Department wore surgical face masks at all times during any kind of interaction with patients. In a pseudorandomized order, all members of our staff additionally affixed their portrait photos to their work clothes on 8 of the 16 days. After completion of their visit, 226 patients were interviewed anonymously in a cross-sectional study design using a questionnaire in which they rated the following three items: Friendliness of staff, medical quality of treatment, and how well they felt taken care of during treatment in our Department. Results On days, on which staff wore photos, mean scores of the questionnaires were significantly higher than on non-photo days (p = 0.013; mean ± standard deviation = 92.8 ± 11.3 vs. 91.0 ± 12.6; median (range) = 97 (98) vs. 96 (76)). When analyzed separately, the increased scores were only significant for the item friendliness of staff (p = 0.009; mean ± standard deviation = 95.8 ± 6.3 vs. 92.2 ± 11.5; median (range) = 98 (39) vs. 97 (54)). Conclusion Our study suggests that the use of portrait photos with smiling faces has a positive effect on how patients perceive healthcare staff.

KW - Management studies

KW - Face

KW - Emotions

KW - covid-19

KW - Facial expressions

KW - social communications

KW - allied health care professional

KW - photography

KW - surgical and invasive medical procedure

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85105992117&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/ee2b8f7f-e8b1-3483-8959-b3667a232bae/

U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0251445

DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0251445

M3 - Journal articles

C2 - 34010319

AN - SCOPUS:85105992117

VL - 16

JO - PLoS ONE

JF - PLoS ONE

SN - 1932-6203

IS - 5

M1 - e0251445

ER -