Gender Gap in Parental Leave Intentions: Evidence from 37 Countries

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Gender Gap in Parental Leave Intentions : Evidence from 37 Countries. / Olsson, Maria I.T.; van Grootel, Sanne; Block, Katharina et al.

In: Political Psychology, Vol. 44, No. 6, 01.12.2023, p. 1163-1192.

Research output: Journal contributionsJournal articlesResearchpeer-review

Harvard

Olsson, MIT, van Grootel, S, Block, K, Schuster, C, Meeussen, L, Van Laar, C, Schmader, T, Croft, A, Sun, MS, Ainsaar, M, Aarntzen, L, Adamus, M, Anderson, J, Atkinson, C, Avicenna, M, Bąbel, P, Barth, M, Benson-Greenwald, TM, Maloku, E, Berent, J, Bergsieker, HB, Biernat, M, Bîrneanu, AG, Bodinaku, B, Bosak, J, Bosson, J, Branković, M, Burkauskas, J, Čavojová, V, Cheryan, S, Choi, E, Choi, I, Contreras-Ibáñez, CC, Coogan, A, Danyliuk, I, Dar-Nimrod, I, Dasgupta, N, de Lemus, S, Devos, T, Diab, M, Diekman, AB, Efremova, M, Eisner, L, Eller, A, Erentaite, R, Fedáková, D, Franc, R, Gartzia, L, Gavreliuc, A, Gavreliuc, D, Gecaite-Stonciene, J, Germano, AL, Giovannelli, I, Diaz, RG, Gitikhmayeva, L, Gizaw, AM, Gjoneska, B, González, OM, González, R, Grijalva, ID, Güngör, D, Sendén, MG, Hall, W, Harb, C, Hassan, B, Hässler, T, Hawi, DR, Henningsen, L, Hoppe, A, Ishii, K, Jakšić, I, Jasini, A, Jurkevičienė, J, Kelmendi, K, Kirby, TA, Kitakaji, Y, Kosakowska-Berezecka, N, Kozytska, I, Kulich, C, Kundtová-Klocová, E, Kunuroglu, F, Aidy, CL, Lee, A, Lindqvist, A, López-López, W, Luzvinda, L, Maricchiolo, F, Martinot, D, McNamara, RA, Meister, A, Melka, TL, Mickuviene, N, Miranda-Orrego, MI, Mkamwa, T, Morandini, J, Morton, T, Mrisho, D, Nikitin, J, Otten, S, Pacilli, MG, Page-Gould, E, Perandrés, A, Pizarro, J, Pop-Jordanova, N, Pyrkosz-Pacyna, J, Quta, S, Ramis, TS, Rani, N, Redersdorff, S, Régner, I, Renström, EA, Rivera-Rodriguez, A, Rocha, STE, Ryabichenko, T, Saab, R, Sakata, K, Samekin, A, Sánchez-Pachecho, T, Scheifele, C, Schulmeyer, MK, Sczesny, S, Sirlopú, D, Smith-Castro, V, Soo, K, Spaccatini, F, Steele, JR, Steffens, MC, Sucic, I, Vandello, J, Velásquez-Díaz, LM, Vink, M, Vives, E, Warkineh, TZ, Žeželj, I, Zhang, X, Zhao, X & Martiny, SE 2023, 'Gender Gap in Parental Leave Intentions: Evidence from 37 Countries', Political Psychology, vol. 44, no. 6, pp. 1163-1192. https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12880

APA

Olsson, M. I. T., van Grootel, S., Block, K., Schuster, C., Meeussen, L., Van Laar, C., Schmader, T., Croft, A., Sun, M. S., Ainsaar, M., Aarntzen, L., Adamus, M., Anderson, J., Atkinson, C., Avicenna, M., Bąbel, P., Barth, M., Benson-Greenwald, T. M., Maloku, E., ... Martiny, S. E. (2023). Gender Gap in Parental Leave Intentions: Evidence from 37 Countries. Political Psychology, 44(6), 1163-1192. https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12880

Vancouver

Olsson MIT, van Grootel S, Block K, Schuster C, Meeussen L, Van Laar C et al. Gender Gap in Parental Leave Intentions: Evidence from 37 Countries. Political Psychology. 2023 Dec 1;44(6):1163-1192. doi: 10.1111/pops.12880

Bibtex

@article{d26a53bccd0e4836940e9fe8e276b8f2,
title = "Gender Gap in Parental Leave Intentions: Evidence from 37 Countries",
abstract = "Despite global commitments and efforts, a gender-based division of paid and unpaid work persists. To identify how psychological factors, national policies, and the broader sociocultural context contribute to this inequality, we assessed parental-leave intentions in young adults (18–30 years old) planning to have children (N = 13,942; 8,880 identified as women; 5,062 identified as men) across 37 countries that varied in parental-leave policies and societal gender equality. In all countries, women intended to take longer leave than men. National parental-leave policies and women's political representation partially explained cross-national variations in the gender gap. Gender gaps in leave intentions were paradoxically larger in countries with more gender-egalitarian parental-leave policies (i.e., longer leave available to both fathers and mothers). Interestingly, this cross-national variation in the gender gap was driven by cross-national variations in women's (rather than men's) leave intentions. Financially generous leave and gender-egalitarian policies (linked to men's higher uptake in prior research) were not associated with leave intentions in men. Rather, men's leave intentions were related to their individual gender attitudes. Leave intentions were inversely related to career ambitions. The potential for existing policies to foster gender equality in paid and unpaid work is discussed.",
keywords = "childcare, cross-national, gender, inequality, parental leave, Psychology",
author = "Olsson, {Maria I.T.} and {van Grootel}, Sanne and Katharina Block and Carolin Schuster and Loes Meeussen and {Van Laar}, Colette and Toni Schmader and Alyssa Croft and Sun, {Molly Shuyi} and Mare Ainsaar and Lianne Aarntzen and Magdalena Adamus and Joel Anderson and Ciara Atkinson and Mohamad Avicenna and Przemys{\l}aw B{\c a}bel and Markus Barth and Benson-Greenwald, {Tessa M.} and Edona Maloku and Jacques Berent and Bergsieker, {Hilary B.} and Monica Biernat and B{\^i}rneanu, {Andreea G.} and Blerta Bodinaku and Janine Bosak and Jennifer Bosson and Marija Brankovi{\'c} and Julius Burkauskas and Vladim{\'i}ra {\v C}avojov{\'a} and Sapna Cheryan and Eunsoo Choi and Incheol Choi and Contreras-Ib{\'a}{\~n}ez, {Carlos C.} and Andrew Coogan and Ivan Danyliuk and Ilan Dar-Nimrod and Nilanjana Dasgupta and {de Lemus}, Soledad and Thierry Devos and Marwan Diab and Diekman, {Amanda B.} and Maria Efremova and L{\'e}{\"i}la Eisner and Anja Eller and Rasa Erentaite and Denisa Fed{\'a}kov{\'a} and Renata Franc and Leire Gartzia and Alin Gavreliuc and Dana Gavreliuc and Julija Gecaite-Stonciene and Germano, {Adriana L.} and Ilaria Giovannelli and Diaz, {Renzo Gismondi} and Lyudmila Gitikhmayeva and Gizaw, {Abiy Menkir} and Biljana Gjoneska and Gonz{\'a}lez, {Omar Mart{\'i}nez} and Roberto Gonz{\'a}lez and Grijalva, {Isaac David} and Derya G{\"u}ng{\"o}r and Send{\'e}n, {Marie Gustafsson} and William Hall and Charles Harb and Bushra Hassan and Tabea H{\"a}ssler and Hawi, {Diala R.} and Levke Henningsen and Annedore Hoppe and Keiko Ishii and Ivana Jak{\v s}i{\'c} and Alba Jasini and Jurgita Jurkevi{\v c}ienė and Kaltrina Kelmendi and Kirby, {Teri A.} and Yoko Kitakaji and Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka and Inna Kozytska and Clara Kulich and Eva Kundtov{\'a}-Klocov{\'a} and Filiz Kunuroglu and Aidy, {Christina Lapytskaia} and Albert Lee and Anna Lindqvist and Wilson L{\'o}pez-L{\'o}pez and Liany Luzvinda and Fridanna Maricchiolo and Delphine Martinot and McNamara, {Rita Anne} and Alyson Meister and Melka, {Tizita Lemma} and Narseta Mickuviene and Miranda-Orrego, {Mar{\'i}a Isabel} and Thadeus Mkamwa and James Morandini and Thomas Morton and David Mrisho and Jana Nikitin and Sabine Otten and Pacilli, {Maria Giuseppina} and Elizabeth Page-Gould and Ana Perandr{\'e}s and Jon Pizarro and Nada Pop-Jordanova and Joanna Pyrkosz-Pacyna and Sameir Quta and Ramis, {Tamil Selvan} and Nitya Rani and Sandrine Redersdorff and Isabelle R{\'e}gner and Renstr{\"o}m, {Emma A.} and Adrian Rivera-Rodriguez and Rocha, {S{\'a}nchez Tania Esmeralda} and Tatiana Ryabichenko and Rim Saab and Kiriko Sakata and Adil Samekin and Tracy S{\'a}nchez-Pachecho and Carolin Scheifele and Schulmeyer, {Marion K.} and Sabine Sczesny and David Sirlop{\'u} and Vanessa Smith-Castro and Kadri Soo and Federica Spaccatini and Steele, {Jennifer R.} and Steffens, {Melanie C.} and Ines Sucic and Joseph Vandello and Vel{\'a}squez-D{\'i}az, {Laura Maria} and Melissa Vink and Eva Vives and Warkineh, {Turuwark Zalalam} and Iris {\v Z}e{\v z}elj and Xiaoxiao Zhang and Xian Zhao and Martiny, {Sarah E.}",
note = "Funding Information: We want to thank Jeremy Biesanz for statistical advice. This research project was conceived following the award of a SSHRC Insight Development Grant to Toni Schmader (430-2018-00361). Additional funding included: a SSHRC Insight Grant awarded to J. R. Steele (435-2014-1247) and a SSHRC doctoral fellowship awarded to C. Lapytskaia Aidy; funding from the Basic Research Program at HSE University, RF, awarded to Tatiana Ryabichenko and Maria Efremova; a grant from the Economic and Social Research Council awarded to Teri A. Kirby (ES/S00274X/1); funding from State Research Agency awarded to Soledad de Lemus (PID2019-111549GB-I00/10.13039/501100011033); funding from Guangdong 13th-five Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project (GD20CXL06) + National Natural Science Foundation of China awarded to XiaoXiao Zhang (31600912); funding from the research infrastructure HUME Lab Experimental Humanities Laboratory, Faculty of Arts, Masaryk University awarded to Eva Kundtov{\'a}-Klocov{\'a}; two grants from the Swiss National Science Foundation awarded to Tabea H{\"a}ssler (P1ZHP1_184553) and L{\'e}{\"i}la Eisner (P500PS_206546); funding from the Center for Social Conflict and Cohesion Studies (ANID/FONDAP #15130009) and the Center for Intercultural and Indigenous Research (ANID/FONDAP #15110006) awarded to Roberto Gonz{\'a}lez; a SSHRC Postdoctoral Fellowship (756-2017-0249) awarded to William Hall; funding awarded to Denisa Fedakova from the Slovak Research and Development Agency project (APVV 20-0319); funding awarded to L{\'e}{\"i}la Eisner from the Swiss National Science Foundation (P2LAP1_194987) and funding from Canada Research Chairs (CRC 152583), the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (Insight Grant 140649), and the Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation (Early Research Award 152655) awarded to Elizabeth Page-Gould. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Maria I. T. Olsson, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Norway. E-mail: maria.olsson@inn.no Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 The Authors. Political Psychology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Society of Political Psychology.",
year = "2023",
month = dec,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1111/pops.12880",
language = "English",
volume = "44",
pages = "1163--1192",
journal = "Political Psychology",
issn = "0162-895X",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc.",
number = "6",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Gender Gap in Parental Leave Intentions

T2 - Evidence from 37 Countries

AU - Olsson, Maria I.T.

AU - van Grootel, Sanne

AU - Block, Katharina

AU - Schuster, Carolin

AU - Meeussen, Loes

AU - Van Laar, Colette

AU - Schmader, Toni

AU - Croft, Alyssa

AU - Sun, Molly Shuyi

AU - Ainsaar, Mare

AU - Aarntzen, Lianne

AU - Adamus, Magdalena

AU - Anderson, Joel

AU - Atkinson, Ciara

AU - Avicenna, Mohamad

AU - Bąbel, Przemysław

AU - Barth, Markus

AU - Benson-Greenwald, Tessa M.

AU - Maloku, Edona

AU - Berent, Jacques

AU - Bergsieker, Hilary B.

AU - Biernat, Monica

AU - Bîrneanu, Andreea G.

AU - Bodinaku, Blerta

AU - Bosak, Janine

AU - Bosson, Jennifer

AU - Branković, Marija

AU - Burkauskas, Julius

AU - Čavojová, Vladimíra

AU - Cheryan, Sapna

AU - Choi, Eunsoo

AU - Choi, Incheol

AU - Contreras-Ibáñez, Carlos C.

AU - Coogan, Andrew

AU - Danyliuk, Ivan

AU - Dar-Nimrod, Ilan

AU - Dasgupta, Nilanjana

AU - de Lemus, Soledad

AU - Devos, Thierry

AU - Diab, Marwan

AU - Diekman, Amanda B.

AU - Efremova, Maria

AU - Eisner, Léïla

AU - Eller, Anja

AU - Erentaite, Rasa

AU - Fedáková, Denisa

AU - Franc, Renata

AU - Gartzia, Leire

AU - Gavreliuc, Alin

AU - Gavreliuc, Dana

AU - Gecaite-Stonciene, Julija

AU - Germano, Adriana L.

AU - Giovannelli, Ilaria

AU - Diaz, Renzo Gismondi

AU - Gitikhmayeva, Lyudmila

AU - Gizaw, Abiy Menkir

AU - Gjoneska, Biljana

AU - González, Omar Martínez

AU - González, Roberto

AU - Grijalva, Isaac David

AU - Güngör, Derya

AU - Sendén, Marie Gustafsson

AU - Hall, William

AU - Harb, Charles

AU - Hassan, Bushra

AU - Hässler, Tabea

AU - Hawi, Diala R.

AU - Henningsen, Levke

AU - Hoppe, Annedore

AU - Ishii, Keiko

AU - Jakšić, Ivana

AU - Jasini, Alba

AU - Jurkevičienė, Jurgita

AU - Kelmendi, Kaltrina

AU - Kirby, Teri A.

AU - Kitakaji, Yoko

AU - Kosakowska-Berezecka, Natasza

AU - Kozytska, Inna

AU - Kulich, Clara

AU - Kundtová-Klocová, Eva

AU - Kunuroglu, Filiz

AU - Aidy, Christina Lapytskaia

AU - Lee, Albert

AU - Lindqvist, Anna

AU - López-López, Wilson

AU - Luzvinda, Liany

AU - Maricchiolo, Fridanna

AU - Martinot, Delphine

AU - McNamara, Rita Anne

AU - Meister, Alyson

AU - Melka, Tizita Lemma

AU - Mickuviene, Narseta

AU - Miranda-Orrego, María Isabel

AU - Mkamwa, Thadeus

AU - Morandini, James

AU - Morton, Thomas

AU - Mrisho, David

AU - Nikitin, Jana

AU - Otten, Sabine

AU - Pacilli, Maria Giuseppina

AU - Page-Gould, Elizabeth

AU - Perandrés, Ana

AU - Pizarro, Jon

AU - Pop-Jordanova, Nada

AU - Pyrkosz-Pacyna, Joanna

AU - Quta, Sameir

AU - Ramis, Tamil Selvan

AU - Rani, Nitya

AU - Redersdorff, Sandrine

AU - Régner, Isabelle

AU - Renström, Emma A.

AU - Rivera-Rodriguez, Adrian

AU - Rocha, Sánchez Tania Esmeralda

AU - Ryabichenko, Tatiana

AU - Saab, Rim

AU - Sakata, Kiriko

AU - Samekin, Adil

AU - Sánchez-Pachecho, Tracy

AU - Scheifele, Carolin

AU - Schulmeyer, Marion K.

AU - Sczesny, Sabine

AU - Sirlopú, David

AU - Smith-Castro, Vanessa

AU - Soo, Kadri

AU - Spaccatini, Federica

AU - Steele, Jennifer R.

AU - Steffens, Melanie C.

AU - Sucic, Ines

AU - Vandello, Joseph

AU - Velásquez-Díaz, Laura Maria

AU - Vink, Melissa

AU - Vives, Eva

AU - Warkineh, Turuwark Zalalam

AU - Žeželj, Iris

AU - Zhang, Xiaoxiao

AU - Zhao, Xian

AU - Martiny, Sarah E.

N1 - Funding Information: We want to thank Jeremy Biesanz for statistical advice. This research project was conceived following the award of a SSHRC Insight Development Grant to Toni Schmader (430-2018-00361). Additional funding included: a SSHRC Insight Grant awarded to J. R. Steele (435-2014-1247) and a SSHRC doctoral fellowship awarded to C. Lapytskaia Aidy; funding from the Basic Research Program at HSE University, RF, awarded to Tatiana Ryabichenko and Maria Efremova; a grant from the Economic and Social Research Council awarded to Teri A. Kirby (ES/S00274X/1); funding from State Research Agency awarded to Soledad de Lemus (PID2019-111549GB-I00/10.13039/501100011033); funding from Guangdong 13th-five Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project (GD20CXL06) + National Natural Science Foundation of China awarded to XiaoXiao Zhang (31600912); funding from the research infrastructure HUME Lab Experimental Humanities Laboratory, Faculty of Arts, Masaryk University awarded to Eva Kundtová-Klocová; two grants from the Swiss National Science Foundation awarded to Tabea Hässler (P1ZHP1_184553) and Léïla Eisner (P500PS_206546); funding from the Center for Social Conflict and Cohesion Studies (ANID/FONDAP #15130009) and the Center for Intercultural and Indigenous Research (ANID/FONDAP #15110006) awarded to Roberto González; a SSHRC Postdoctoral Fellowship (756-2017-0249) awarded to William Hall; funding awarded to Denisa Fedakova from the Slovak Research and Development Agency project (APVV 20-0319); funding awarded to Léïla Eisner from the Swiss National Science Foundation (P2LAP1_194987) and funding from Canada Research Chairs (CRC 152583), the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (Insight Grant 140649), and the Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation (Early Research Award 152655) awarded to Elizabeth Page-Gould. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Maria I. T. Olsson, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Norway. E-mail: maria.olsson@inn.no Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors. Political Psychology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Society of Political Psychology.

PY - 2023/12/1

Y1 - 2023/12/1

N2 - Despite global commitments and efforts, a gender-based division of paid and unpaid work persists. To identify how psychological factors, national policies, and the broader sociocultural context contribute to this inequality, we assessed parental-leave intentions in young adults (18–30 years old) planning to have children (N = 13,942; 8,880 identified as women; 5,062 identified as men) across 37 countries that varied in parental-leave policies and societal gender equality. In all countries, women intended to take longer leave than men. National parental-leave policies and women's political representation partially explained cross-national variations in the gender gap. Gender gaps in leave intentions were paradoxically larger in countries with more gender-egalitarian parental-leave policies (i.e., longer leave available to both fathers and mothers). Interestingly, this cross-national variation in the gender gap was driven by cross-national variations in women's (rather than men's) leave intentions. Financially generous leave and gender-egalitarian policies (linked to men's higher uptake in prior research) were not associated with leave intentions in men. Rather, men's leave intentions were related to their individual gender attitudes. Leave intentions were inversely related to career ambitions. The potential for existing policies to foster gender equality in paid and unpaid work is discussed.

AB - Despite global commitments and efforts, a gender-based division of paid and unpaid work persists. To identify how psychological factors, national policies, and the broader sociocultural context contribute to this inequality, we assessed parental-leave intentions in young adults (18–30 years old) planning to have children (N = 13,942; 8,880 identified as women; 5,062 identified as men) across 37 countries that varied in parental-leave policies and societal gender equality. In all countries, women intended to take longer leave than men. National parental-leave policies and women's political representation partially explained cross-national variations in the gender gap. Gender gaps in leave intentions were paradoxically larger in countries with more gender-egalitarian parental-leave policies (i.e., longer leave available to both fathers and mothers). Interestingly, this cross-national variation in the gender gap was driven by cross-national variations in women's (rather than men's) leave intentions. Financially generous leave and gender-egalitarian policies (linked to men's higher uptake in prior research) were not associated with leave intentions in men. Rather, men's leave intentions were related to their individual gender attitudes. Leave intentions were inversely related to career ambitions. The potential for existing policies to foster gender equality in paid and unpaid work is discussed.

KW - childcare

KW - cross-national

KW - gender

KW - inequality

KW - parental leave

KW - Psychology

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85173695758&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1111/pops.12880

DO - 10.1111/pops.12880

M3 - Journal articles

AN - SCOPUS:85173695758

VL - 44

SP - 1163

EP - 1192

JO - Political Psychology

JF - Political Psychology

SN - 0162-895X

IS - 6

ER -

DOI