Determination of polyfluoroalkyl compounds in water and suspended particulate matter in the river Elbe and North Sea, Germany
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In: Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China, Vol. 3, No. 2, 06.2009, p. 152-170.
Research output: Journal contributions › Journal articles › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Determination of polyfluoroalkyl compounds in water and suspended particulate matter in the river Elbe and North Sea, Germany
AU - Ahrens, Lutz
AU - Plassmann, Merle
AU - Xie, Zhiyong
AU - Ebinghaus, Ralf
PY - 2009/6
Y1 - 2009/6
N2 - The distribution of polyfluoroalkyl compounds (PFCs) in the dissolved and particulate phase and their discharge from the river Elbe into the North Sea were studied. The PFCs quantified included C 4-C 8 perfluorinated sulfonates (PFSAs), 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTS), C 6 and C 8 perfluorinated sulfinates (PFSiAs), C 4-C 12 perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs), perfluoro-3,7-dimethyl-octanoic acid (3,7m 2-PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA), and n-ethyl perfluroctane sulfonamidoethanol (EtFOSE). PFCs were mostly distributed in the dissolved phase, where perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) dominated with 2.9-12.5 ng/L. In the suspended particulate matter FOSA and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) showed the highest concentrations (4.0 ng/L and 2.3 ng/L, respectively). The total flux of ∑PFCs from the river Elbe was estimated to be 802 kg/year for the dissolved phase and 152 kg/year for the particulate phase. This indicates that the river Elbe acts as a source of PFCs into the North Sea. However, the concentrations of perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) and perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) in the North Sea were higher than that in the river Elbe, thus an alternative source must exist for these compounds.
AB - The distribution of polyfluoroalkyl compounds (PFCs) in the dissolved and particulate phase and their discharge from the river Elbe into the North Sea were studied. The PFCs quantified included C 4-C 8 perfluorinated sulfonates (PFSAs), 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTS), C 6 and C 8 perfluorinated sulfinates (PFSiAs), C 4-C 12 perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs), perfluoro-3,7-dimethyl-octanoic acid (3,7m 2-PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA), and n-ethyl perfluroctane sulfonamidoethanol (EtFOSE). PFCs were mostly distributed in the dissolved phase, where perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) dominated with 2.9-12.5 ng/L. In the suspended particulate matter FOSA and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) showed the highest concentrations (4.0 ng/L and 2.3 ng/L, respectively). The total flux of ∑PFCs from the river Elbe was estimated to be 802 kg/year for the dissolved phase and 152 kg/year for the particulate phase. This indicates that the river Elbe acts as a source of PFCs into the North Sea. However, the concentrations of perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) and perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) in the North Sea were higher than that in the river Elbe, thus an alternative source must exist for these compounds.
KW - Chemistry
KW - Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS)
KW - Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)
KW - Polyfluoroalkyl compounds (PFCs)
KW - Surface water
KW - Water-particulate partitioning
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=67149144425&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11783-009-0021-8
DO - 10.1007/s11783-009-0021-8
M3 - Journal articles
VL - 3
SP - 152
EP - 170
JO - Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China
JF - Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China
SN - 1673-7415
IS - 2
ER -