This paper investigates the links between firm survival and three types of international trade activities - exports, imports and two-way trade. It uses unique new representative data for manufacturing enterprises from Germany, one of the leading actors in the world market for goods. The chapter contributes to the literature by providing the first evidence on the role of imports and two-way trading for firm survival in a highly developed country. The results indicate a strong positive link between firm survival on the one hand and imports and two-way trading on the other hand, while exporting alone does not play a role for exiting the market or not.