TY - CHAP

T1 - Constructed Wetlands Integrated with Advanced Oxidation Processes in Wastewater Treatment for Reuse

AU - Machado, E. L.

AU - Lourenço, A. M.

AU - Kist, L. T.

AU - Schneider, R. C.S.

AU - Kern, D.

AU - Lobo, E. A.A.

AU - Lutterbeck, C. A.

AU - Silveira, D. D.

AU - Horn, T. B.

AU - Zerwes, F. V.

PY - 2016

Y1 - 2016

N2 - The development of integrated systems for wastewater treatment has been investigated in recent years not only for the improvement of control parameters but also to allow the routine reuse of wastewater to be effectively implemented. Several studies also seek to add processes that may reuse by-products, energy, and unit operations in a single integrated remediation unit. Considering the sustainability scenario, all these processes should be designed and controlled with description of scope, mass inventory, and energy demand in order to establish indexes of environmental pressure. Classical publications of books and articles for wastewater treatment have already described to more than 10 years several procedures and standards for reuse (direct or indirect), segregation at source, required treatment levels, groundwater recharge, combination of remediation processes, logistics, and sanitation. In this case, further investigation to decentralized systems, such as reed bed filters, with reduced costs of implementation and operation is required, as well as the simplicity of units to be installed. This tendency of integrated phytoremediation systems supports the growing interest for the combination of a system already considered classic in wastewater treatment, the constructed wetlands (CWs), with advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), particularly the photocatalysis with direct or indirect use of solar energy. Because of its already reported disinfection and detoxification potentials which might enable the reuse of urban wastewaters for some specific purposes, the photocatalytic treatment was selected for a study of case. So, this chapter covers the phenological aspects of a macrophyte still little used in phytoremediation, the Hymenachne grumosa; the evolution of the combined use of Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket systems (UASB) + CWs; and the integration of the processes UASB + CWs + UV /TiO2/O3 with indirect use of solar energy in photoreactors designed for these studies.

AB - The development of integrated systems for wastewater treatment has been investigated in recent years not only for the improvement of control parameters but also to allow the routine reuse of wastewater to be effectively implemented. Several studies also seek to add processes that may reuse by-products, energy, and unit operations in a single integrated remediation unit. Considering the sustainability scenario, all these processes should be designed and controlled with description of scope, mass inventory, and energy demand in order to establish indexes of environmental pressure. Classical publications of books and articles for wastewater treatment have already described to more than 10 years several procedures and standards for reuse (direct or indirect), segregation at source, required treatment levels, groundwater recharge, combination of remediation processes, logistics, and sanitation. In this case, further investigation to decentralized systems, such as reed bed filters, with reduced costs of implementation and operation is required, as well as the simplicity of units to be installed. This tendency of integrated phytoremediation systems supports the growing interest for the combination of a system already considered classic in wastewater treatment, the constructed wetlands (CWs), with advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), particularly the photocatalysis with direct or indirect use of solar energy. Because of its already reported disinfection and detoxification potentials which might enable the reuse of urban wastewaters for some specific purposes, the photocatalytic treatment was selected for a study of case. So, this chapter covers the phenological aspects of a macrophyte still little used in phytoremediation, the Hymenachne grumosa; the evolution of the combined use of Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket systems (UASB) + CWs; and the integration of the processes UASB + CWs + UV /TiO2/O3 with indirect use of solar energy in photoreactors designed for these studies.

KW - Advanced oxidation

KW - Constructed wetlands

KW - Hymenachne grumosa

KW - Integrated treatment

KW - Wastewater reuse

KW - Chemistry

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84956649630&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1007/698_2015_372

DO - 10.1007/698_2015_372

M3 - Chapter

AN - SCOPUS:84956649630

SN - 978-3-319-79544-7

SN - 978-3-319-23885-2

T3 - Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

SP - 197

EP - 222

BT - Advanced Treatment Technologies for Urban Wastewater Reuse

A2 - Fatta-Kassinos, Despo

A2 - Dionysiou, Dionysios D.

A2 - Kümmerer, Klaus

PB - Springer Verlag

CY - Cham

ER -