Moderators of intergroup evaluation in disadvantaged groups: A comprehensive test of predictions from system justification theory

Research output: Journal contributionsJournal articlesResearchpeer-review

Authors

We examined hypotheses proposed by System Justification Theory (SJT; Jost, Banaji, & Nosek, 2004) regarding intergroup evaluation in disadvantaged groups, using large samples of online participants (total N = 715,721), spanning 8 intergroup domains and 14 nations. Using a meta-analytic approach, we tested these hypotheses at the individual level (as SJT is generally articulated), as well as at the social group level. Consistent with SJT, individual-level analyses revealed that disadvantaged groups demonstrated outgroup favoritism on Implicit Association Tests (IATs; i.e., implicit measures), but demonstrated ingroup favoritism or no intergroup preference on self-report (i.e., explicit) measures. Additionally, these average effects were characterized by high heterogeneity, and follow-up exploratory analyses revealed that intergroup evaluation in disadvantaged groups was moderated by the intergroup domain: Whereas some disadvantaged groups consistently displayed outgroup favoritism (e.g., age, weight), others consistently displayed ingroup favoritism (e.g., sexual orientation, religion), and yet others displayed diverging patterns on implicit and explicit measures (e.g., race, ethnicity). Consistent with SJT, intergroup evaluation on all measures was moderated by self-reported conservatism. Furthermore, the magnitude of these relationships depended on the level of analysis, with small effects emerging at the individual level and medium-sized effects emerging at the social group level. Social group-level analyses also indicated that intergroup evaluation in disadvantaged groups was moderated by stigma. Overall, these findings support and extend the predictions of SJT, but the relatively complex patterns of intergroup evaluation in disadvantaged groups identified here illustrate a need for further theory development and more theory-driven research in this domain.

Original languageEnglish
JournalJournal of Personality and Social Psychology
Volume120
Issue number5
Pages (from-to)1204-1230
Number of pages27
ISSN0022-3514
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 05.2021
Externally publishedYes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 American Psychological Association.

    Research areas

  • Psychology - intergroup evaluation in disadvantaged groups, stigma, disadvantaged groups, explicit bias, system justification theory

Links

DOI

Recently viewed

Publications

  1. How context affects transdisciplinary research
  2. The magnitude of correlation between deadlift 1RM and jumping performance is sports dependent
  3. Bank management of the net interest margin
  4. Open Innovation in Schools
  5. Performance Saga: Interview 07
  6. Art History Update
  7. Fast Catch Bumerang
  8. Alignment of the life cycle initiative’s “principles for the application of life cycle sustainability assessment” with the LCSA practice
  9. Evaluation of a temporal causal model for predicting the mood of clients in an online therapy
  10. Consequence evaluations and moral concerns about climate change
  11. Systemprogrammierung I
  12. Effect of cascading of higher-lying states on a delayed 1 s-2 p transition after beam-foil excitation of 56 MeV hydrogen-like oxygen and fluorine
  13. Gemachter oder gelebter Tourismus?
  14. Social and dimensional comparison effects on math and reading self-concepts of elementary school children
  15. Studienprogramm Nachhaltigkeit
  16. Analyzing Pragmatic Variation in English
  17. Practical critique: Bridging the gap between critical and practice oriented REDD+ research communities’
  18. Ecosystem Services as a Contested Concept
  19. Modeling of 3D fluid-structure-interaction during in-situ hybridization of double-curved fiber-metal-laminates
  20. Selecting methods for ecosystem service assessment
  21. De-Anonymizing Anonymous
  22. Making REDD+ pay
  23. Relational Transdisciplinarity: Five Reflexive Steps for Embodying Relational Ontologies in Transdisciplinary Learning Contexts
  24. Resilience or vulnerability? Vegetation patterns of a Central Tibetan pastoral ecotone
  25. Evaluating Introductory Lectures in Entrepreneurship
  26. 11. Methoden-Muster
  27. Study of digital morphing tools in the architectural design process
  28. The effects of an Internet based self-help course for reducing panic symptoms-Don't Panic Online
  29. An academia beyond quantity
  30. Computergestütztes Repetitorium der Elementarmathematik
  31. Fines for Absuse of Dominance in "High tech" Markets