TY - JOUR

T1 - Kinetic Passive Sampling

T2 - In Situ Calibration Using the Contaminant Mass Measured in Parallel Samplers with Different Thicknesses

AU - Fuchte, Hanna E.

AU - Schäffer, Andreas

AU - Booij, Kees

AU - Smith, Kilian E.C.

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2020 American Chemical Society.

PY - 2020/12/15

Y1 - 2020/12/15

N2 - The use of single-phase passive samplers is a common method for sampling bioavailable concentrations of hydrophobic aquatic pollutants. Often such samplers are used in the kinetic stage, and in situ calibration is necessary. Most commonly, exchange kinetics are derived from the release rates of performance reference compounds (PRCs). In this study, a complementary calibration approach was developed, in which measuring the contaminant mass ratio (CMR) from two samplers with different thicknesses allows the dissolved concentrations to be determined. This new CMR calibration was tested (1) in a laboratory experiment with defined and constant concentrations and (2) in the field, at a storm water retention site. Silicone passive samplers with different thicknesses were used to sample a range of dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In the laboratory study, the concentrations derived from the CMR calibration were compared with those from water extraction and passive dosing and differences below a factor 2 were found. In the field study, CMR-derived concentrations were compared to those from PRC calibration. Here, differences ranged by only a factor 1 to 3 between both methods. These findings indicate that the CMR calibration can be applied as a stand-alone or complementary calibration method for kinetic passive sampling.

AB - The use of single-phase passive samplers is a common method for sampling bioavailable concentrations of hydrophobic aquatic pollutants. Often such samplers are used in the kinetic stage, and in situ calibration is necessary. Most commonly, exchange kinetics are derived from the release rates of performance reference compounds (PRCs). In this study, a complementary calibration approach was developed, in which measuring the contaminant mass ratio (CMR) from two samplers with different thicknesses allows the dissolved concentrations to be determined. This new CMR calibration was tested (1) in a laboratory experiment with defined and constant concentrations and (2) in the field, at a storm water retention site. Silicone passive samplers with different thicknesses were used to sample a range of dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In the laboratory study, the concentrations derived from the CMR calibration were compared with those from water extraction and passive dosing and differences below a factor 2 were found. In the field study, CMR-derived concentrations were compared to those from PRC calibration. Here, differences ranged by only a factor 1 to 3 between both methods. These findings indicate that the CMR calibration can be applied as a stand-alone or complementary calibration method for kinetic passive sampling.

KW - Chemistry

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85097814416&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1021/acs.est.0c04437

DO - 10.1021/acs.est.0c04437

M3 - Journal articles

C2 - 33213141

AN - SCOPUS:85097814416

VL - 54

SP - 15759

EP - 15767

JO - Environmental Science and Technology

JF - Environmental Science and Technology

SN - 0013-936X

IS - 24

ER -