When Do Pictures Help Learning from Expository Text? Multimedia and Modality Effects in Primary Schools
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In: Research in Science Education, Vol. 47, No. 3, 01.06.2017, p. 685-704.
Research output: Journal contributions › Journal articles › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - When Do Pictures Help Learning from Expository Text? Multimedia and Modality Effects in Primary Schools
AU - Herrlinger, Simone
AU - Höffler, Tim N.
AU - Opfermann, Maria
AU - Leutner, Detlev
PY - 2017/6/1
Y1 - 2017/6/1
N2 - Adding pictures to a text is very common in today’s education and might be especially beneficial for elementary school children, whose abilities to read and understand pure text have not yet been fully developed. Our study examined whether adding pictures supports learning of a biology text in fourth grade and whether the text modality (spoken or written) plays a role. Results indicate that overall, pictures enhanced learning but that the text should be spoken rather than written. These results are in line with instructional design principles derived from common multimedia learning theories. In addition, for elementary school children, it might be advisable to read texts out to the children. Reading by themselves and looking at pictures might overload children’s cognitive capacities and especially their visual channel. In this case, text and pictures would not be integrated into one coherent mental model, and effective learning would not take place.
AB - Adding pictures to a text is very common in today’s education and might be especially beneficial for elementary school children, whose abilities to read and understand pure text have not yet been fully developed. Our study examined whether adding pictures supports learning of a biology text in fourth grade and whether the text modality (spoken or written) plays a role. Results indicate that overall, pictures enhanced learning but that the text should be spoken rather than written. These results are in line with instructional design principles derived from common multimedia learning theories. In addition, for elementary school children, it might be advisable to read texts out to the children. Reading by themselves and looking at pictures might overload children’s cognitive capacities and especially their visual channel. In this case, text and pictures would not be integrated into one coherent mental model, and effective learning would not take place.
KW - Elementary school children
KW - Modality effect
KW - Multimedia effect
KW - Multimedia learning
KW - Split attention
KW - Psychology
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85018382923&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11165-016-9525-y
DO - 10.1007/s11165-016-9525-y
M3 - Journal articles
AN - SCOPUS:85018382923
VL - 47
SP - 685
EP - 704
JO - Research in Science Education
JF - Research in Science Education
SN - 0157-244X
IS - 3
ER -