Overview of Non-Apis Bees
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Pesticide Risk Assessment for Pollinators. Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia, 2014. p. 5-18.
Research output: Contributions to collected editions/works › Chapter › peer-review
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TY - CHAP
T1 - Overview of Non-Apis Bees
AU - Vaughan, Mace
AU - Vaissière, Bernard
AU - Maynard, Glynn
AU - Kasina, Muo
AU - Nocelli, Roberta C.F.
AU - Scott-Dupree, Cynthia
AU - Johansen, Erik
AU - Brittain, Claire
AU - Coulson, Mike
AU - Dinter, Axel
PY - 2014/7/14
Y1 - 2014/7/14
N2 - Honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) are frequently employed in pesticide toxicity testing either as a representative species (i.e., surrogate) for pollinating insects (such as in the European Union (EU)) or in other cases to represent other non-target terrestrial invertebrates. Bees exhibit a wide range of social behaviors, but depending on their interdependency, bees can be broadly divided into two groups: social or solitary. Most of the non-Apis bee toxicity testing conducted in Europe has been on bumble bees, and in particular Bombus terrestris, which is the main species used for commercial pollination. It is clear that non-Apis bees play an important role in supporting diverse plant communities, and an increasingly important role in agriculture. They differ from honey bees in their biological characteristics, which consequently may make them subject to unique exposure routes, as well as unique challenges when it comes to risk management.
AB - Honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) are frequently employed in pesticide toxicity testing either as a representative species (i.e., surrogate) for pollinating insects (such as in the European Union (EU)) or in other cases to represent other non-target terrestrial invertebrates. Bees exhibit a wide range of social behaviors, but depending on their interdependency, bees can be broadly divided into two groups: social or solitary. Most of the non-Apis bee toxicity testing conducted in Europe has been on bumble bees, and in particular Bombus terrestris, which is the main species used for commercial pollination. It is clear that non-Apis bees play an important role in supporting diverse plant communities, and an increasingly important role in agriculture. They differ from honey bees in their biological characteristics, which consequently may make them subject to unique exposure routes, as well as unique challenges when it comes to risk management.
KW - Bumble bees
KW - Honey bees
KW - Non-Apis Bee
KW - Pesticide
KW - Risk management
KW - Toxicity test
KW - Biology
KW - Ecosystems Research
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84927684978&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/9781118852408.ch3
DO - 10.1002/9781118852408.ch3
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:84927684978
SN - 9781118852521
SP - 5
EP - 18
BT - Pesticide Risk Assessment for Pollinators
PB - Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia
ER -