Metabolites and Transformation Products of Pharmaceuticals in the Aquatic Environment as Contaminants of Emerging Concern
Research output: Contributions to collected editions/works › Chapter › peer-review
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Transformation Products of Emerging Contaminants in the Environment: Analysis, Processes, Occurrence, Effects and Risks. ed. / Dimitra A. Lambropoulou; Leo M. Nollet. Chichester: Wiley-VCH Verlag, 2014. p. 413-458.
Research output: Contributions to collected editions/works › Chapter › peer-review
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TY - CHAP
T1 - Metabolites and Transformation Products of Pharmaceuticals in the Aquatic Environment as Contaminants of Emerging Concern
AU - Michael, Irene
AU - Vasquez Hadjilyra, Marlen Ines
AU - Hapeshi, Evroula
AU - Haddad, Tarek
AU - Baginska, Ewelina
AU - Kümmerer, Klaus
AU - Fatta-Kassinos, Despo
PY - 2014/1/1
Y1 - 2014/1/1
N2 - Most pharmaceutical compounds undergo a structural change in the bodies of humans and animals before excretion, resulting in metabolites. After their excretion and introduction into the environment, both parent compounds and metabolites can undergo structural changes by a variety of biotic and abiotic processes. Structural transformations may also be a result of technological processes, such as effluent treatment by photolysis and advanced oxidation, which result in new chemical entities with new properties. The objective of this chapter is to present the insight and new knowledge recently obtained by studies on the fate and effects of pharmaceuticals' metabolites and their transformation products in the aquatic environment. Emphasis is on bio‐ and photo‐transformation products formed in the presence of such compounds in the sewage treatment plants and the aquatic environment while the challenges related to their ecological risk are also discussed.
AB - Most pharmaceutical compounds undergo a structural change in the bodies of humans and animals before excretion, resulting in metabolites. After their excretion and introduction into the environment, both parent compounds and metabolites can undergo structural changes by a variety of biotic and abiotic processes. Structural transformations may also be a result of technological processes, such as effluent treatment by photolysis and advanced oxidation, which result in new chemical entities with new properties. The objective of this chapter is to present the insight and new knowledge recently obtained by studies on the fate and effects of pharmaceuticals' metabolites and their transformation products in the aquatic environment. Emphasis is on bio‐ and photo‐transformation products formed in the presence of such compounds in the sewage treatment plants and the aquatic environment while the challenges related to their ecological risk are also discussed.
KW - Chemistry
KW - Metabolite
KW - pharmaceutical
KW - Sustainability Science
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84982263406&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/9781118339558.ch14
DO - 10.1002/9781118339558.ch14
M3 - Chapter
SN - 978-1-118-33959-6
SP - 413
EP - 458
BT - Transformation Products of Emerging Contaminants in the Environment
A2 - Lambropoulou, Dimitra A.
A2 - Nollet, Leo M.
PB - Wiley-VCH Verlag
CY - Chichester
ER -