TY - JOUR

T1 - Measuring Variation in Gaze Following Across Communities, Ages, and Individuals

T2 - A Showcase of TANGO-CC (Task for Assessing iNdividual differences in Gaze understanding-Open-Cross-Cultural)

AU - Prein, Julia

AU - Bednarski, Florian M.

AU - Dzabatou, Ardain

AU - Frank, Michael C.

AU - Henderson, Annette M. E.

AU - Kalbitz, Josefine

AU - Kanngiesser, Patricia

AU - Kessafoglu, Dilara

AU - Koymen, Bahar

AU - Manrique-Hernandez, Maira V.

AU - Magazi, Shirley

AU - Mujica-Manrique, Lizbeth

AU - Ohlendorf, Julia

AU - Olaoba, Damilola

AU - Pieters, Wesley R.

AU - Pope-Caldwell, Sarah

AU - Sen, Umay

AU - Slocombe, Katie

AU - Sparks, Robert Z.

AU - Stengelin, Roman

AU - Sunderarajan, Jahnavi

AU - Sutherland, Kirsten

AU - Tusiime, Florence

AU - Vieira, Wilson

AU - Zhang, Zhen

AU - Zong, Yufei

AU - Haun, Daniel B. M.

AU - Bohn, Manuel

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2025.

PY - 2025/1

Y1 - 2025/1

N2 - Cross-cultural studies are crucial for investigating the cultural variability and universality of cognitive developmental processes. However, cross-cultural assessment tools in cognition across languages and communities are limited. In this article, we describe a gaze-following task designed to measure basic social cognition across individuals, ages, and communities (the Task for Assessing iNdividual differences in Gaze understanding-Open-Cross-Cultural; TANGO-CC). The task was developed and psychometrically assessed in one cultural setting and, with input of local collaborators, adapted for cross-cultural data collection. Minimal language demands and the web-app implementation allow fast and easy contextual adaptations to each community. TANGO-CC captures individual- and community-level variation and shows good internal consistency in a data set of 2.5- to 11-year-old children from 17 diverse communities. Within-communities variation outweighed between-communities variation. We provide an open-source website for researchers to customize and use the task (https://ccp-odc.eva.mpg.de/tango-cc). TANGO-CC can be used to assess basic social cognition in diverse communities and provides a roadmap for researching community-level and individual-level differences across cultures.

AB - Cross-cultural studies are crucial for investigating the cultural variability and universality of cognitive developmental processes. However, cross-cultural assessment tools in cognition across languages and communities are limited. In this article, we describe a gaze-following task designed to measure basic social cognition across individuals, ages, and communities (the Task for Assessing iNdividual differences in Gaze understanding-Open-Cross-Cultural; TANGO-CC). The task was developed and psychometrically assessed in one cultural setting and, with input of local collaborators, adapted for cross-cultural data collection. Minimal language demands and the web-app implementation allow fast and easy contextual adaptations to each community. TANGO-CC captures individual- and community-level variation and shows good internal consistency in a data set of 2.5- to 11-year-old children from 17 diverse communities. Within-communities variation outweighed between-communities variation. We provide an open-source website for researchers to customize and use the task (https://ccp-odc.eva.mpg.de/tango-cc). TANGO-CC can be used to assess basic social cognition in diverse communities and provides a roadmap for researching community-level and individual-level differences across cultures.

KW - Cross-cultural psychology

KW - Gaze following

KW - Individual differences

KW - Open data

KW - Open materials

KW - Reliability

KW - Social cognition

KW - Psychology

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85217872628&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1177/25152459241308170

DO - 10.1177/25152459241308170

M3 - Journal articles

VL - 8

JO - Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science

JF - Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science

SN - 2515-2459

IS - 1

ER -