From Learning Machines to Learning Humans: How Cybernetic Machine Models Inspired Experimental Pedagogies
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From Learning Machines to Learning Humans : How Cybernetic Machine Models Inspired Experimental Pedagogies. / Müggenburg, Jan Klaus.
In: History of Education, Vol. 50, No. 1, 02.01.2021, p. 112-133.Research output: Journal contributions › Journal articles › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - From Learning Machines to Learning Humans
T2 - How Cybernetic Machine Models Inspired Experimental Pedagogies
AU - Müggenburg, Jan Klaus
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
PY - 2021/1/2
Y1 - 2021/1/2
N2 - This article analyses how Heinz von Foerster’s Biological Computer Laboratory (BCL) translated cybernetic concepts into an experimental pedagogy tailored to the interests of the youth of the American intellectual counterculture. The existing research literature assumes that the opening of BCL to the counterculture in the early 1970s was the result of a radical shift from first- to second-order cybernetic theory; in other words, the result of a new epistemological position. This article instead attempts to identify similarities between the design of cybernetic ‘learning machines’ in the early 1960s and Foerster’s teaching methods that characterised BCL between 1968 and 1976. The article will show that Foerster’s pedagogy was inspired by a specific style of thinking that can already be found in earlier cybernetic research practices. Concerning both the early and the late phase of the BCL, oral history sources, as well as original publications and archival material, were used.
AB - This article analyses how Heinz von Foerster’s Biological Computer Laboratory (BCL) translated cybernetic concepts into an experimental pedagogy tailored to the interests of the youth of the American intellectual counterculture. The existing research literature assumes that the opening of BCL to the counterculture in the early 1970s was the result of a radical shift from first- to second-order cybernetic theory; in other words, the result of a new epistemological position. This article instead attempts to identify similarities between the design of cybernetic ‘learning machines’ in the early 1960s and Foerster’s teaching methods that characterised BCL between 1968 and 1976. The article will show that Foerster’s pedagogy was inspired by a specific style of thinking that can already be found in earlier cybernetic research practices. Concerning both the early and the late phase of the BCL, oral history sources, as well as original publications and archival material, were used.
KW - Media and communication studies
KW - Cybernetics
KW - machine models
KW - learning
KW - Biological computer laboratory
KW - Cultural studies
KW - Cybernetics
KW - machine models
KW - learning
KW - Biological computer laboratory
KW - Digital media
KW - Cybernetics
KW - machine models
KW - learning
KW - Biological computer laboratory
KW - Educational science
KW - Cybernetics
KW - machine models
KW - learning
KW - Biological computer laboratory
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85097448933&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/0046760X.2020.1826054
DO - 10.1080/0046760X.2020.1826054
M3 - Journal articles
VL - 50
SP - 112
EP - 133
JO - History of Education
JF - History of Education
SN - 0046-760X
IS - 1
ER -