Chapter overview Environmental literacy and coping with complex environmental problems can be viewed as knowledge-and experience-based artwork. A major challenge of research on human-environment systems (HES) is to define the guiding question and system boundaries adequately, to reduce complexity by identifying the relevant actors and the relevant human and environmental system, gaining access to potentially conflicting drivers in and between human systems, and identifying with and coping feedback loops linked to decisions. This chapter shows by four exemplary cases how the HES framework can be utilized for this venture.