Analysis of benzalkonium chloride in the effluent from European hospitals by solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography with post-column ion-pairing and fluorescence detection

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Analysis of benzalkonium chloride in the effluent from European hospitals by solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography with post-column ion-pairing and fluorescence detection. / Kümmerer, Klaus; Eitel, Andreas; Braun, Ulrich et al.
In: Journal of Chromatography A, Vol. 774, No. 1-2, 11.07.1997, p. 281-286.

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@article{d613e936d4ea4598bb019b87b6a46a91,
title = "Analysis of benzalkonium chloride in the effluent from European hospitals by solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography with post-column ion-pairing and fluorescence detection",
abstract = "A highly reproducible and specific method for the analysis of the quaternary ammonium compound, benzalkonium chloride, in effluents from European hospitals is presented. Benzalkonium chloride was extracted with end-capped RP-18 solid-phase cartridges and was selectively eluted. The resulting solution was analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After elution from the analytical column of the HPLC system, 9,10-dimethoxyanthracene-2-sulfonate was added continuously as a fluorescence marker, forming a hydrophobic ion-pair with benzalkonium chloride. The ion-pair was analysed by fluorescence detection. The method was applied to highly complex effluent samples from different sized European hospitals. The measured concentrations were between 0.05 and 6.03 mg/l. The amounts emitted per bed and year were 4.5-362 g and did not correlate with the size of the hospital. The total amounts were 2.6-909 kg/year",
keywords = "Chemistry, AMMONIA, Ammonium, ANALYSIS, benzalkonium chloride, CATIONIC SURFACTANTS, CHLORIDE, chromatography, COLUMN, COMPOUND, derivatization, LC, detection, dimethoxyanthracene-2-sulfonate, disinfectants, effluent, EFFLUENTS, EUROPEAN HOSPITALS, EXTRACTION, FLUORESCENCE, FLUORESCENCE DETECTION, fluorescence labelling, HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY, HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY, hospital effluent, HPLC, liquid, liquid chromatography, LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY, Marker, quaternary ammonium compounds, SAMPLES, SIZE, solid phase extraction, SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION, SURFACTANTS, SYSTEM, Benzalkonium chloride, Derivatization, LC, Dimethoxyanthracene-2-sulfonate, Disinfectants, Fluorescence labelling, Hospital effluent, Quaternary ammonium compounds, Surfactants",
author = "Klaus K{\"u}mmerer and Andreas Eitel and Ulrich Braun and Peter Hubner and Daschner, {Franz D.} and Georges Mascart and Milena Milandri and Franz Reinthaler and Jan Verhoef",
year = "1997",
month = jul,
day = "11",
doi = "10.1016/S0021-9673(97)00242-2",
language = "English",
volume = "774",
pages = "281--286",
journal = "Journal of Chromatography A",
issn = "0021-9673",
publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",
number = "1-2",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Analysis of benzalkonium chloride in the effluent from European hospitals by solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography with post-column ion-pairing and fluorescence detection

AU - Kümmerer, Klaus

AU - Eitel, Andreas

AU - Braun, Ulrich

AU - Hubner, Peter

AU - Daschner, Franz D.

AU - Mascart, Georges

AU - Milandri, Milena

AU - Reinthaler, Franz

AU - Verhoef, Jan

PY - 1997/7/11

Y1 - 1997/7/11

N2 - A highly reproducible and specific method for the analysis of the quaternary ammonium compound, benzalkonium chloride, in effluents from European hospitals is presented. Benzalkonium chloride was extracted with end-capped RP-18 solid-phase cartridges and was selectively eluted. The resulting solution was analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After elution from the analytical column of the HPLC system, 9,10-dimethoxyanthracene-2-sulfonate was added continuously as a fluorescence marker, forming a hydrophobic ion-pair with benzalkonium chloride. The ion-pair was analysed by fluorescence detection. The method was applied to highly complex effluent samples from different sized European hospitals. The measured concentrations were between 0.05 and 6.03 mg/l. The amounts emitted per bed and year were 4.5-362 g and did not correlate with the size of the hospital. The total amounts were 2.6-909 kg/year

AB - A highly reproducible and specific method for the analysis of the quaternary ammonium compound, benzalkonium chloride, in effluents from European hospitals is presented. Benzalkonium chloride was extracted with end-capped RP-18 solid-phase cartridges and was selectively eluted. The resulting solution was analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After elution from the analytical column of the HPLC system, 9,10-dimethoxyanthracene-2-sulfonate was added continuously as a fluorescence marker, forming a hydrophobic ion-pair with benzalkonium chloride. The ion-pair was analysed by fluorescence detection. The method was applied to highly complex effluent samples from different sized European hospitals. The measured concentrations were between 0.05 and 6.03 mg/l. The amounts emitted per bed and year were 4.5-362 g and did not correlate with the size of the hospital. The total amounts were 2.6-909 kg/year

KW - Chemistry

KW - AMMONIA

KW - Ammonium

KW - ANALYSIS

KW - benzalkonium chloride

KW - CATIONIC SURFACTANTS

KW - CHLORIDE

KW - chromatography

KW - COLUMN

KW - COMPOUND

KW - derivatization

KW - LC

KW - detection

KW - dimethoxyanthracene-2-sulfonate

KW - disinfectants

KW - effluent

KW - EFFLUENTS

KW - EUROPEAN HOSPITALS

KW - EXTRACTION

KW - FLUORESCENCE

KW - FLUORESCENCE DETECTION

KW - fluorescence labelling

KW - HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY

KW - HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY

KW - hospital effluent

KW - HPLC

KW - liquid

KW - liquid chromatography

KW - LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY

KW - Marker

KW - quaternary ammonium compounds

KW - SAMPLES

KW - SIZE

KW - solid phase extraction

KW - SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION

KW - SURFACTANTS

KW - SYSTEM

KW - Benzalkonium chloride

KW - Derivatization, LC

KW - Dimethoxyanthracene-2-sulfonate

KW - Disinfectants

KW - Fluorescence labelling

KW - Hospital effluent

KW - Quaternary ammonium compounds

KW - Surfactants

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0342894768&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/S0021-9673(97)00242-2

DO - 10.1016/S0021-9673(97)00242-2

M3 - Journal articles

VL - 774

SP - 281

EP - 286

JO - Journal of Chromatography A

JF - Journal of Chromatography A

SN - 0021-9673

IS - 1-2

ER -