Global patterns and drivers of alpine plant species richness
Publikation: Beiträge in Zeitschriften › Zeitschriftenaufsätze › Forschung › begutachtet
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in: Global Ecology and Biogeography, Jahrgang 30, Nr. 6, 01.06.2021, S. 1218-1231.
Publikation: Beiträge in Zeitschriften › Zeitschriftenaufsätze › Forschung › begutachtet
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Global patterns and drivers of alpine plant species richness
AU - Testolin, Riccardo
AU - Attorre, Fabio
AU - Borchardt, Peter
AU - Brand, Robert F.
AU - Bruelheide, Helge
AU - Chytrý, Milan
AU - De Sanctis, Michele
AU - Dolezal, Jiri
AU - Finckh, Manfred
AU - Haider, Sylvia
AU - Hemp, Andreas
AU - Jandt, Ute
AU - Kessler, Michael
AU - Korolyuk, Andrey Yu
AU - Lenoir, Jonathan
AU - Makunina, Natalia
AU - Malanson, George P.
AU - Montesinos-Tubée, Daniel B.
AU - Noroozi, Jalil
AU - Nowak, Arkadiusz
AU - Peet, Robert K.
AU - Peyre, Gwendolyn
AU - Sabatini, Francesco Maria
AU - Šibík, Jozef
AU - Sklenář, Petr
AU - Sylvester, Steven P.
AU - Vassilev, Kiril
AU - Virtanen, Risto
AU - Willner, Wolfgang
AU - Wiser, Susan K.
AU - Zibzeev, Evgeny G.
AU - Jiménez-Alfaro, Borja
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Authors. Global Ecology and Biogeography published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
PY - 2021/6/1
Y1 - 2021/6/1
N2 - Aim: Alpine ecosystems differ in area, macroenvironment and biogeographical history across the Earth, but the relationship between these factors and plant species richness is still unexplored. Here, we assess the global patterns of plant species richness in alpine ecosystems and their association with environmental, geographical and historical factors at regional and community scales. Location: Global. Time period: Data collected between 1923 and 2019. Major taxa studied: Vascular plants. Methods: We used a dataset representative of global alpine vegetation, consisting of 8,928 plots sampled within 26 ecoregions and six biogeographical realms, to estimate regional richness using sample-based rarefaction and extrapolation. Then, we evaluated latitudinal patterns of regional and community richness with generalized additive models. Using environmental, geographical and historical predictors from global raster layers, we modelled regional and community richness in a mixed-effect modelling framework. Results: The latitudinal pattern of regional richness peaked around the equator and at mid-latitudes, in response to current and past alpine area, isolation and the variation in soil pH among regions. At the community level, species richness peaked at mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, despite a considerable within-region variation. Community richness was related to macroclimate and historical predictors, with strong effects of other spatially structured factors. Main conclusions: In contrast to the well-known latitudinal diversity gradient, the alpine plant species richness of some temperate regions in Eurasia was comparable to that of hyperdiverse tropical ecosystems, such as the páramo. The species richness of these putative hotspot regions is explained mainly by the extent of alpine area and their glacial history, whereas community richness depends on local environmental factors. Our results highlight hotspots of species richness at mid-latitudes, indicating that the diversity of alpine plants is linked to regional idiosyncrasies and to the historical prevalence of alpine ecosystems, rather than current macroclimatic gradients.
AB - Aim: Alpine ecosystems differ in area, macroenvironment and biogeographical history across the Earth, but the relationship between these factors and plant species richness is still unexplored. Here, we assess the global patterns of plant species richness in alpine ecosystems and their association with environmental, geographical and historical factors at regional and community scales. Location: Global. Time period: Data collected between 1923 and 2019. Major taxa studied: Vascular plants. Methods: We used a dataset representative of global alpine vegetation, consisting of 8,928 plots sampled within 26 ecoregions and six biogeographical realms, to estimate regional richness using sample-based rarefaction and extrapolation. Then, we evaluated latitudinal patterns of regional and community richness with generalized additive models. Using environmental, geographical and historical predictors from global raster layers, we modelled regional and community richness in a mixed-effect modelling framework. Results: The latitudinal pattern of regional richness peaked around the equator and at mid-latitudes, in response to current and past alpine area, isolation and the variation in soil pH among regions. At the community level, species richness peaked at mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, despite a considerable within-region variation. Community richness was related to macroclimate and historical predictors, with strong effects of other spatially structured factors. Main conclusions: In contrast to the well-known latitudinal diversity gradient, the alpine plant species richness of some temperate regions in Eurasia was comparable to that of hyperdiverse tropical ecosystems, such as the páramo. The species richness of these putative hotspot regions is explained mainly by the extent of alpine area and their glacial history, whereas community richness depends on local environmental factors. Our results highlight hotspots of species richness at mid-latitudes, indicating that the diversity of alpine plants is linked to regional idiosyncrasies and to the historical prevalence of alpine ecosystems, rather than current macroclimatic gradients.
KW - Biology
KW - Alpine vegetation
KW - biodiversity hotspots
KW - biogeographical history
KW - global patterns
KW - multiscale analysis
KW - plant species richness
KW - alpine vegetation
KW - Biodiversity hotspot
KW - biogeographical history
KW - global patterns
KW - multiscale analysis
KW - plant species richness
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85103416429&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/26b59991-f76f-3035-84cf-e1032edc64e6/
U2 - 10.1111/geb.13297
DO - 10.1111/geb.13297
M3 - Journal articles
AN - SCOPUS:85103416429
VL - 30
SP - 1218
EP - 1231
JO - Global Ecology and Biogeography
JF - Global Ecology and Biogeography
SN - 1466-822X
IS - 6
ER -