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Inner loop model predictive control and outer loop PI reference governor for PMSMs with input and state saturation for torque control

Research output: Journal contributions › Journal articles › Research › peer-review

Standard

Inner loop model predictive control and outer loop PI reference governor for PMSMs with input and state saturation for torque control. / Zwerger, Tanja; Mercorelli, Paolo.
In: Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, Vol. 228, 01.02.2025, p. 178-201.

Research output: Journal contributions › Journal articles › Research › peer-review

Harvard

Zwerger, T & Mercorelli, P 2025, 'Inner loop model predictive control and outer loop PI reference governor for PMSMs with input and state saturation for torque control', Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, vol. 228, pp. 178-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matcom.2024.08.006

APA

Zwerger, T., & Mercorelli, P. (2025). Inner loop model predictive control and outer loop PI reference governor for PMSMs with input and state saturation for torque control. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, 228, 178-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matcom.2024.08.006

Vancouver

Zwerger T, Mercorelli P. Inner loop model predictive control and outer loop PI reference governor for PMSMs with input and state saturation for torque control. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation. 2025 Feb 1;228:178-201. doi: 10.1016/j.matcom.2024.08.006

Bibtex

@article{a58a15007bdf4b99890c20c1370490dd,
title = "Inner loop model predictive control and outer loop PI reference governor for PMSMs with input and state saturation for torque control",
abstract = "This contribution considers a torque control scheme consisting of model predictive control (MPC) in the inner control loop together with PI reference governor in the outer control loop and a decoupling feedforward control for an isotropic permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). This innovative approach is known in literature as PI-MPC dual loop control. A particular emphasis is given to the control governor strategy which is the outer loop PI reference governor and allows to regulate the machine in the flux weakening region and is therefore only active for field weakening. In this context the analysis of the stability based on Lyapunov{\textquoteright} approach of the control loop in flux weakening region is shown. The desired currents represent the reference currents for the MPC, which forms the inner control loop. The MPC is adapted using an extended Kalman filter (EKF), which estimates inductance of the electrical system in dq coordinates by using a bivariate polynomial. Compared measurements with a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) system show the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme with respect to a standard PI controller in inner loop (PI-PI scheme) in the presence of saturated inputs and state of a PMSM. The proposed MPC uses just an optimal, proportional control and thus avoids windup effects. Measurement results in the presence of input and state saturations show that MPC is working without overshoot in the currents which leads to less needed power in input.",
keywords = "Decoupled system, EKF, PI-MPC, PMSM, Saturation, Engineering",
author = "Tanja Zwerger and Paolo Mercorelli",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 The Author(s)",
year = "2025",
month = feb,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1016/j.matcom.2024.08.006",
language = "English",
volume = "228",
pages = "178--201",
journal = "Mathematics and Computers in Simulation",
issn = "0378-4754",
publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Inner loop model predictive control and outer loop PI reference governor for PMSMs with input and state saturation for torque control

AU - Zwerger, Tanja

AU - Mercorelli, Paolo

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s)

PY - 2025/2/1

Y1 - 2025/2/1

N2 - This contribution considers a torque control scheme consisting of model predictive control (MPC) in the inner control loop together with PI reference governor in the outer control loop and a decoupling feedforward control for an isotropic permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). This innovative approach is known in literature as PI-MPC dual loop control. A particular emphasis is given to the control governor strategy which is the outer loop PI reference governor and allows to regulate the machine in the flux weakening region and is therefore only active for field weakening. In this context the analysis of the stability based on Lyapunov’ approach of the control loop in flux weakening region is shown. The desired currents represent the reference currents for the MPC, which forms the inner control loop. The MPC is adapted using an extended Kalman filter (EKF), which estimates inductance of the electrical system in dq coordinates by using a bivariate polynomial. Compared measurements with a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) system show the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme with respect to a standard PI controller in inner loop (PI-PI scheme) in the presence of saturated inputs and state of a PMSM. The proposed MPC uses just an optimal, proportional control and thus avoids windup effects. Measurement results in the presence of input and state saturations show that MPC is working without overshoot in the currents which leads to less needed power in input.

AB - This contribution considers a torque control scheme consisting of model predictive control (MPC) in the inner control loop together with PI reference governor in the outer control loop and a decoupling feedforward control for an isotropic permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). This innovative approach is known in literature as PI-MPC dual loop control. A particular emphasis is given to the control governor strategy which is the outer loop PI reference governor and allows to regulate the machine in the flux weakening region and is therefore only active for field weakening. In this context the analysis of the stability based on Lyapunov’ approach of the control loop in flux weakening region is shown. The desired currents represent the reference currents for the MPC, which forms the inner control loop. The MPC is adapted using an extended Kalman filter (EKF), which estimates inductance of the electrical system in dq coordinates by using a bivariate polynomial. Compared measurements with a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) system show the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme with respect to a standard PI controller in inner loop (PI-PI scheme) in the presence of saturated inputs and state of a PMSM. The proposed MPC uses just an optimal, proportional control and thus avoids windup effects. Measurement results in the presence of input and state saturations show that MPC is working without overshoot in the currents which leads to less needed power in input.

KW - Decoupled system

KW - EKF

KW - PI-MPC

KW - PMSM

KW - Saturation

KW - Engineering

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85203145970&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/fa3f06df-7f4c-3199-b592-0e4c2d996f98/

U2 - 10.1016/j.matcom.2024.08.006

DO - 10.1016/j.matcom.2024.08.006

M3 - Journal articles

AN - SCOPUS:85203145970

VL - 228

SP - 178

EP - 201

JO - Mathematics and Computers in Simulation

JF - Mathematics and Computers in Simulation

SN - 0378-4754

ER -

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Fernandes, F. M., Dos Santos, M. F., De Morais, M. H. F., Lima, J., Pereira, A. I. & Mercorelli, P., 2025, Proceedings of the 2025 26th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC): Grandhotel Starý Smokovec, High Tatras, Starý Smokovec, Slovak Republic, 19-21 May 2025. Kacur, J., Skovranek, T., Laciak, M. & Mojzisova, A. (eds.). Piscataway: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 6 p. (International Carpathian Control Conference, ICCC; vol. 26).

Research output: Contributions to collected editions/works › Article in conference proceedings › Research › peer-review

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Research output: Journal contributions › Journal articles › Research › peer-review

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Li, X., Zhang, Q., Gu, H., Othmen, S., Asklany, S., Lhioui, C., Elrashidi, A. & Mercorelli, P., 07.2025, In: PLoS ONE. 20, 7, 22 p., e0327249.

Research output: Journal contributions › Journal articles › Research › peer-review

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Pimentel, G. O., Santos, M. F. D., Lima, J., Mercorelli, P. & Fernandes, F. M., 15.01.2025, In: Sensors. 25, 2, 27 p., 479.

Research output: Journal contributions › Journal articles › Research › peer-review

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Rigon, S., Haus, B., Mercorelli, P. & Zigliotto, M., 27.02.2025, In: IEEE Open Journal of Power Electronics. 6, p. 734-746 13 p.

Research output: Journal contributions › Journal articles › Research › peer-review

DOI

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