Expectations on Hierarchical Scales of Discourse: Multifractality Predicts Both Short- and Long-Range Effects of Violating Gender Expectations in Text Reading

Research output: Journal contributionsJournal articlesResearchpeer-review

Authors

  • Chase R. Booth
  • Hannah L. Brown
  • Elizabeth G. Eason
  • Sebastian Wallot
  • Damian G. Kelty-Stephen

Reader expectations form across hierarchical scales of discourse (e.g., from coarse to fine: genre, narrative, syntax). Cross-scale interactivity produces word reading times (RTs) with multifractal structure. After introducing multifractals, we test two hypotheses regarding their relevance to reader expectations: (1) multifractal evidence of cross-scale interactions from RTs preceding violation of expectations would interact with mean reading speed to predict RTs immediately after the expectation violation and (2) postsurprise RTs would exhibit stronger cross-scale interactions. Thirty-four adult participants read one of two 2,000-word stories that used gender stereotypes to suggest that an ambiguously named protagonist was male. However, the stories postponed gender information until word 1,000: male in one story and female in the other. For slower readers, cross-scale interactions accentuated postreveal slowing but also minimized subsequent pausing over 15 postreveal RTs. Surprise strengthened cross-scale interactions over all postsurprise RTs. These results suggest that multifractality may index anticipation across multiple scales of discourse.

Original languageEnglish
JournalDiscourse Processes
Volume55
Issue number1
Pages (from-to)12-30
Number of pages19
ISSN0163-853X
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 02.01.2018
Externally publishedYes

Recently viewed

Publications

  1. A Process Perspective on Organizational Failure
  2. Design of Reliable Remobilisation Finger Implants with Geometry Elements of a Triple Periodic Minimal Surface Structure via Additive Manufacturing of Silicon Nitride
  3. Emotional text design in multimedia learning
  4. Parameterized Synthetic Image Data Set for Fisheye Lens
  5. Evaluating A Teaching-Learning Sequence (TLS) About Acid-Base Reactions In Upper Secondary School
  6. A Multilevel CFA–MTMM Approach for Multisource Feedback Instruments
  7. Application of design of experiments for laser shock peening process optimization
  8. Explicit references in chat-based CSCL
  9. Interactive Media as Fields of Transduction
  10. On the role of linguistic features for comprehension and learning from STEM texts. A meta-analysis
  11. Developing robust field survey protocols in landscape ecology
  12. Challenging the status quo of accelerator research: Concluding remarks
  13. Effects of accuracy feedback on fractal characteristics of time estimation
  14. Hot tearing behaviour of binary Mg-1Al alloy using a contraction force measuring method
  15. Modeling Individual Differences in Children’s Information Integration During Pragmatic Word Learning
  16. Plant density modifies root system architecture in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) through a change in nodal root number
  17. Towards a dynamic value network perspective of sustainable business models
  18. Modeling a modular omnidirectional AGV developmental platform with integrated suspension and power-plant
  19. Life Cycle Assessment of Consumption Patterns – Understanding the links between changing social practices and environmental impacts
  20. On the Difficulty of Forgetting
  21. MICSIM: Concept, Developments, and Applications of a PC Microsimulation Model for Research and Teaching
  22. Understanding the modes of use and availability of critical metals-An expert-based scenario analysis for the case of indium
  23. Walk counts, labyrinthicity, and complexity of acyclic and cyclic graphs and molecules.
  24. The reception of trust in different legal systems: some lessons for Vietnam; a comparative study