Background: Social insurance agencies are important stakeholders in the field of school health promotion and prevention in Germany. Since 1989 the prevention regulations have given them various guidelines to support schools. Objectives: Opportunities created by the new prevention law and the need for action to strengthen school health promotion and prevention are presented. The different positions of social insurance agencies will be elaborated based on the current situation of school health promotion and prevention in Germany. Results: Schools are described as “social systems of learning”. Interventions on school health promotion and prevention that follow a comprehensive school approach are closely linked to educational school development. This position is also shared by the Standing Conference of the Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs of the Laender in the Federal Republic of Germany. The social insurance agencies are required to cooperate and jointly establish goals. As a result, structured and systematic interventions on school health promotion and prevention have the potential to overcome a low level of cooperation, a lack of transparency and an often unclear level of intervention effectiveness. Conclusion: It is expected that the new prevention law will give important impetus for further development of school healthpromotion and prevention (especially with regard to vulnerable groups) in terms of intervention quality and sustainability.