Effects of free-air CO 2 enrichment and nitrogen supply on grain quality parameters and elemental composition of wheat and barley grown in a crop rotation
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In: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, Vol. 136, No. 1-2, 15.02.2010, p. 59-68.
Research output: Journal contributions › Journal articles › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of free-air CO 2 enrichment and nitrogen supply on grain quality parameters and elemental composition of wheat and barley grown in a crop rotation
AU - Erbs, Martin
AU - Manderscheid, Remy
AU - Jansen, Gisela
AU - Seddig, Sylvia
AU - Pacholski, A.
AU - Weigel, Hans-Joachim
PY - 2010/2/15
Y1 - 2010/2/15
N2 - With respect to European growth conditions very little information is available on how future atmospheric CO 2 concentrations [CO 2] might affect quality characteristics of important crops. Winter wheat cv. 'Batis' and winter barley cv. 'Theresa' were grown for two growing seasons each under ambient [CO 2] (ca. 375 μmol mol -1) and elevated [CO 2] (550 μmol mol -1) with two different nitrogen (N) fertilization levels (adequate N supply / ca. 50% of adequate N) in the course of a six year crop rotation. Effects on grain quality and grain elemental composition were investigated. Grain crude protein concentrations were lowered under elevated [CO 2] by -4% to -13% in wheat and by -11% to -13% in barley. Reduced N supply decreased crude protein concentrations in wheat and barley by -14% to -22% and by -12% to -19%, respectively. In both species, starch concentration was increased by +4% on average due to reduced N fertilization. In wheat, both CO 2 enrichment and low N supply reduced the activity of total and soluble β-amylase (-11% and -7%), Hagberg falling number (-7%), and single kernel hardness (-18%). In barley, both of the treatments induced reductions in the viscosity of the water extract (-25% on average). Concerning minerals, sulphur concentrations were depleted under both elevated [CO 2] and low N supply by averages of -5% in wheat and -14% in barley. Reduced N supply caused -8% lower means of wheat grain calcium concentrations and reduced zinc concentrations on average by -23%. According to these results, flour from cereal grains grown under elevated [CO 2] and/or low N fertilization will have a diminished nutritional and processing quality and an altered elemental composition.
AB - With respect to European growth conditions very little information is available on how future atmospheric CO 2 concentrations [CO 2] might affect quality characteristics of important crops. Winter wheat cv. 'Batis' and winter barley cv. 'Theresa' were grown for two growing seasons each under ambient [CO 2] (ca. 375 μmol mol -1) and elevated [CO 2] (550 μmol mol -1) with two different nitrogen (N) fertilization levels (adequate N supply / ca. 50% of adequate N) in the course of a six year crop rotation. Effects on grain quality and grain elemental composition were investigated. Grain crude protein concentrations were lowered under elevated [CO 2] by -4% to -13% in wheat and by -11% to -13% in barley. Reduced N supply decreased crude protein concentrations in wheat and barley by -14% to -22% and by -12% to -19%, respectively. In both species, starch concentration was increased by +4% on average due to reduced N fertilization. In wheat, both CO 2 enrichment and low N supply reduced the activity of total and soluble β-amylase (-11% and -7%), Hagberg falling number (-7%), and single kernel hardness (-18%). In barley, both of the treatments induced reductions in the viscosity of the water extract (-25% on average). Concerning minerals, sulphur concentrations were depleted under both elevated [CO 2] and low N supply by averages of -5% in wheat and -14% in barley. Reduced N supply caused -8% lower means of wheat grain calcium concentrations and reduced zinc concentrations on average by -23%. According to these results, flour from cereal grains grown under elevated [CO 2] and/or low N fertilization will have a diminished nutritional and processing quality and an altered elemental composition.
KW - Ecosystems Research
KW - Elevated carbon dioxide
KW - FACE
KW - Microelements
KW - Hordeum
KW - Stoichiometry
KW - Triticum
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=74849112333&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.agee.2009.11.009
DO - 10.1016/j.agee.2009.11.009
M3 - Journal articles
AN - SCOPUS:74849112333
VL - 136
SP - 59
EP - 68
JO - Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment
JF - Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment
SN - 0167-8809
IS - 1-2
ER -