TY - JOUR

T1 - Development and application of green and sustainable analytical methods for flavonoid extraction from Passiflora waste

AU - Da Silva Francischini, Danielle

AU - Lopes, Ana Paula

AU - Segatto, Mateus Lodi

AU - Stahl, Aylon Matheus

AU - Zuin, Vânia Gomes

N1 - This work was financial supported by the São Paulo Research Foundation (Fapesp) Brazil (2017/05712-0, 2018/11409-0 and 2017/25015-1) and by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Capes), Brazil (001/1622968).

PY - 2020/9/18

Y1 - 2020/9/18

N2 - Brazilian biodiversity and favourable environmental conditions open up possibilities not yet explored, showing potential to shift the country's monochromatic economy into an emancipated, diversified and sustainable economic environment. This can be made possible through the integral use of its resources, exploring every functional fraction to create novel solutions to modern problems. Biorefineries present an interesting strategy to fully use the potential of agricultural feedstocks and together with green separation methods can contribute to the generation of sustainable processes and products. Passion Fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg species) is produced on a large scale in Brazil and in other tropical countries, and its processing plants generate tons of residues that basically consist of peel, seeds and bagasse, which account for around 75% of its mass. These fractions of P. edulis can contain significant amounts of flavonoids, secondary metabolites that are the main compounds responsible for the fruit's bioactivity (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, pesticide and biocide, in general). Therefore, this work aims to develop, apply and compare the best conditions for the extraction of isoorientin, orientin and isovitexin from passion fruit applying solid-liquid methodologies, followed by analyte quantification using UHPLC-PDA. Homogenizer-assisted (HAE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE) and microwave-assisted (MAE) extraction techniques were used, as well as a full factorial design to reach optimal parameters concerning the extraction yield and energy and solvent efficiencies. According to the results, the procedure based on HAE presented the best conditions for the extraction of selected flavonoids (1.07, 0.90 and 0.33 mg g-1 of isoorientin, orientin and isovitexin, respectively) and was considered the best method according to the green and sustainable described factors. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

AB - Brazilian biodiversity and favourable environmental conditions open up possibilities not yet explored, showing potential to shift the country's monochromatic economy into an emancipated, diversified and sustainable economic environment. This can be made possible through the integral use of its resources, exploring every functional fraction to create novel solutions to modern problems. Biorefineries present an interesting strategy to fully use the potential of agricultural feedstocks and together with green separation methods can contribute to the generation of sustainable processes and products. Passion Fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg species) is produced on a large scale in Brazil and in other tropical countries, and its processing plants generate tons of residues that basically consist of peel, seeds and bagasse, which account for around 75% of its mass. These fractions of P. edulis can contain significant amounts of flavonoids, secondary metabolites that are the main compounds responsible for the fruit's bioactivity (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, pesticide and biocide, in general). Therefore, this work aims to develop, apply and compare the best conditions for the extraction of isoorientin, orientin and isovitexin from passion fruit applying solid-liquid methodologies, followed by analyte quantification using UHPLC-PDA. Homogenizer-assisted (HAE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE) and microwave-assisted (MAE) extraction techniques were used, as well as a full factorial design to reach optimal parameters concerning the extraction yield and energy and solvent efficiencies. According to the results, the procedure based on HAE presented the best conditions for the extraction of selected flavonoids (1.07, 0.90 and 0.33 mg g-1 of isoorientin, orientin and isovitexin, respectively) and was considered the best method according to the green and sustainable described factors. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

KW - Agro-industrial waste

KW - Biorefinery

KW - Factorial design

KW - Flavonoids

KW - Food chain

KW - Green Analytical Chemistry, green extraction

KW - Green Star

KW - Passiflora

KW - Passion fruit

KW - Sustainable separation

KW - UHPLC

KW - Chemistry

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85092576703&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1186/s13065-020-00710-5

DO - 10.1186/s13065-020-00710-5

M3 - Journal articles

C2 - 32968737

AN - SCOPUS:85092576703

VL - 14

JO - BMC Chemistry

JF - BMC Chemistry

SN - 2661-801X

IS - 1

M1 - 56

ER -