Biodegradation of the Antineoplastics Vindesine, Vincristine, and Vinblastine and their Toxicity against Bacteria in the Aquatic Environment
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In: Cancer Epidemiology, Vol. 25, No. 1, 2001, p. 102-107.
Research output: Journal contributions › Journal articles › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Biodegradation of the Antineoplastics Vindesine, Vincristine, and Vinblastine and their Toxicity against Bacteria in the Aquatic Environment
AU - Al-Ahmad, Ali
AU - Kümmerer, Klaus
PY - 2001
Y1 - 2001
N2 - Antineoplastics are excreted into sewage, because patients often poorly metabolize them after administration or they are metabolized into more biologically reactive metabolites. There is little information on their biodegradation and toxicity in aquatic environments. Therefore, the biodegradability of the vinca alkaloids, and their toxicity towards wastewater bacteria were investigated in this study. The biodegradability of vindesine, vincristine, and vinblastine was examined in the closed bottle test (CBT). Additionally, the biodegradability of vinblastine as a model compound of the vinca alkaloids was tested in the Zahn-Wellens test (ZWT). The growth inhibition test with Pseudomonas putida was conducted, and a toxicity control in the CBT and the ZWT was used. The colony-forming units were monitored in the CBT; the test results for the biodegradability after 28 days were: 30% for vincristine, 20% for vindesine, and 10% for vinblastine. Therefore, none of the test compounds met the criteria for being readily biodegradable (> or = 60%). Vinblastine was biodegraded up to 18% in the ZWT after 40 days, and therefore, not inherently. Toxicity towards wastewater bacteria was not found.
AB - Antineoplastics are excreted into sewage, because patients often poorly metabolize them after administration or they are metabolized into more biologically reactive metabolites. There is little information on their biodegradation and toxicity in aquatic environments. Therefore, the biodegradability of the vinca alkaloids, and their toxicity towards wastewater bacteria were investigated in this study. The biodegradability of vindesine, vincristine, and vinblastine was examined in the closed bottle test (CBT). Additionally, the biodegradability of vinblastine as a model compound of the vinca alkaloids was tested in the Zahn-Wellens test (ZWT). The growth inhibition test with Pseudomonas putida was conducted, and a toxicity control in the CBT and the ZWT was used. The colony-forming units were monitored in the CBT; the test results for the biodegradability after 28 days were: 30% for vincristine, 20% for vindesine, and 10% for vinblastine. Therefore, none of the test compounds met the criteria for being readily biodegradable (> or = 60%). Vinblastine was biodegraded up to 18% in the ZWT after 40 days, and therefore, not inherently. Toxicity towards wastewater bacteria was not found.
KW - ACCLIMATION
KW - antineoplastic
KW - antineoplastics
KW - aquatic
KW - aquatic environment
KW - AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS
KW - bacteria
KW - BACTERIUM
KW - biodegradability
KW - Biodegradation
KW - BOTTLE TEST OECD-301-D
KW - Closed Bottle Test
KW - COMPOUND
KW - Control
KW - CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
KW - Degradation
KW - DRUGS
KW - ENVIRONMENT
KW - GERMANY
KW - GROWTH
KW - IFOSFAMIDE
KW - Information
KW - Inhibition
KW - Metabolite
KW - METABOLITES
KW - MODEL
KW - PATIENT
KW - Pseudomonas
KW - Pseudomonas putida
KW - PSEUDOMONAS-PUTIDA
KW - sewage
KW - SEWAGE WATER
KW - Test
KW - TOXICITIES
KW - toxicity
KW - UNIT
KW - UNITS
KW - USA
KW - vinca alkaloids
KW - wastewater
KW - Zahn-Wellens Test
KW - Chemistry
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0035236172&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Journal articles
VL - 25
SP - 102
EP - 107
JO - Cancer Epidemiology
JF - Cancer Epidemiology
SN - 0361-090X
IS - 1
ER -