Pharmaceuticals in the Environment: Sources, Fate, Effects and Risks
Publikation: Bücher und Anthologien › Sammelwerke und Anthologien › Forschung
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1. Aufl. Berlin u.a.: Springer Verlag, 2001. 265 S.
Publikation: Bücher und Anthologien › Sammelwerke und Anthologien › Forschung
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TY - BOOK
T1 - Pharmaceuticals in the Environment
T2 - Sources, Fate, Effects and Risks
A2 - Kümmerer, Klaus
N1 - [Kindle Edition]
PY - 2001
Y1 - 2001
N2 - When the first green wave appeared in the mid and late 1960s, it was considered a fea sible task to solve pollution problems. The visible problems were mostly limited to point sources, and a comprehensive "end of the pipe technology" (= environmental technology) was available. It was even seriously discussed in the US that what was called "zero dis charge" could be attained by 1985. It became clear in the early 1970S that zero discharge would be too expensive, and that we should also rely on the self purification ability of ecosystems. That called for the development of environmental and ecological models to assess the self purifica tion capacity of ecosystems and to set up emission standards, considering the rela tionship between impacts and effects in the ecosystems. This idea is illustrated in Fig. 0.1. A model is used to relate an emission to its effect on the ecosystem and its components. The relationship is applied to select a good solution to environmental problems by application of environmental technology.
AB - When the first green wave appeared in the mid and late 1960s, it was considered a fea sible task to solve pollution problems. The visible problems were mostly limited to point sources, and a comprehensive "end of the pipe technology" (= environmental technology) was available. It was even seriously discussed in the US that what was called "zero dis charge" could be attained by 1985. It became clear in the early 1970S that zero discharge would be too expensive, and that we should also rely on the self purification ability of ecosystems. That called for the development of environmental and ecological models to assess the self purifica tion capacity of ecosystems and to set up emission standards, considering the rela tionship between impacts and effects in the ecosystems. This idea is illustrated in Fig. 0.1. A model is used to relate an emission to its effect on the ecosystem and its components. The relationship is applied to select a good solution to environmental problems by application of environmental technology.
KW - aquatic
KW - aquatic environment
KW - AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS
KW - AREA
KW - CONTAMINATION
KW - effect
KW - effects
KW - ENVIRONMENT
KW - fate
KW - FIELD
KW - IT
KW - pharmaceutical
KW - pharmaceuticals
KW - Publication
KW - REDUCTION
KW - Research
KW - risk
KW - soil
KW - TRENDS
KW - WELL
KW - aquatic
KW - aquatic environment
KW - AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS
KW - AREA
KW - CONTAMINATION
KW - effect
KW - effects
KW - ENVIRONMENT
KW - fate
KW - FIELD
KW - IT
KW - pharmaceutical
KW - pharmaceuticals
KW - Publication
KW - REDUCTION
KW - Research
KW - risk
KW - soil
KW - TRENDS
KW - WELL
KW - Chemistry
UR - http://d-nb.info/960810714
U2 - 10.1007/978-3-540-74664-5
DO - 10.1007/978-3-540-74664-5
M3 - Collected editions and anthologies
SN - 3-540-41067-8
SN - 978-3-540-41067-6
BT - Pharmaceuticals in the Environment
PB - Springer Verlag
CY - Berlin u.a.
ER -