Effects of local neighbourhood diversity on crown structure and productivity of individual trees in mature mixed-species forests

Publikation: Beiträge in ZeitschriftenZeitschriftenaufsätzeForschungbegutachtet

Authors

  • Louis Georgi
  • Matthias Kunz
  • Andreas Fichtner
  • Karl Friedrich Reich
  • Anne Bienert
  • Hans-Gerd Maas
  • Goddert von Oheimb
Background: Species-specific genotypic features, local neighbourhood interactions and resource supply strongly influence the tree stature and growth rate. In mixed-species forests, diversity-mediated biomass allocation has been suggested to be a fundamental mechanism underlying the positive biodiversity-productivity relationships. Empirical evidence, however, is rare about the impact of local neighbourhood diversity on tree characteristics analysed at a very high level of detail. To address this issue we analysed these effects on the individual-tree crown architecture and tree productivity in a mature mixed forest in northern Germany. Methods: Our analysis considers multiple target tree species across a local neighbourhood species richness gradient ranging from 1 to 4. We applied terrestrial laser scanning to quantify a large number of individual mature trees (N = 920) at very high accuracy. We evaluated two different neighbour inclusion approaches by analysing both a fixed radius selection procedure and a selection based on overlapping crowns. Results and conclusions: We show that local neighbourhood species diversity significantly increases crown dimension and wood volume of target trees. Moreover, we found a size-dependency of diversity effects on tree productivity (basal area and wood volume increment) with positive effects for large-sized trees (diameter at breast height (DBH) > 40 cm) and negative effects for small-sized (DBH < 40 cm) trees. In our analysis, the neighbour inclusion approach has a significant impact on the outcome. For scientific studies and the validation of growth models we recommend a neighbour selection by overlapping crowns, because this seems to be the relevant scale at which local neighbourhood interactions occur. Because local neighbourhood diversity promotes individual-tree productivity in mature European mixed-species forests, we conclude that a small-scale species mixture should be considered in management plans.
OriginalspracheEnglisch
Aufsatznummer26
ZeitschriftForest Ecosystems
Jahrgang8
Ausgabenummer1
Anzahl der Seiten12
ISSN2095-6355
DOIs
PublikationsstatusErschienen - 26.04.2021

Bibliographische Notiz

Funding Information:
LG was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG 320926971) through the project “Analysis of diversity effects on above-ground productivity in forests: advancing the mechanistic understanding of spatio-temporal dynamics in canopy space filling using mobile laser scanning”.

Funding Information:
We thank the Forestry Offices of the City of Lübeck County for permission to conduct this study in their forests. The QSM calculations were made on the Taurus HPC cluster of the ZIH of the TU Dresden. Moreover, we would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions on the manuscript.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s).

    Fachgebiete

  • Ökosystemforschung - biodiversity, tree growth, crown architecture, quantitative structure models, terrestrial laser scanning, neighbour classification

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