TY - JOUR

T1 - Democratic Horizons

T2 - what value change reveals about the future of democracy

AU - Welzel, Christian

N1 - This work was supported by Russian Science Foundation [Grant Number Russian Academic Excellence Project’s 5-100’s].

PY - 2021/7/4

Y1 - 2021/7/4

N2 - Recent accounts of democratic backsliding are negligent about the cultural foundations of autocracy-vs-democracy. To bring culture back in, I demonstrate that (1) the countries’ membership in culture zones explains some 70% of the global variation in autocracy-vs-democracy and (2) that this culture-bound variation has remained astoundingly constant over time–in spite of all the trending patterns in the global distribution of regime types over the last 120 years. Furthermore, the explanatory power of culture zones over autocracy-vs-democracy roots in the cultures’ differentiation on “authoritarian-vs-emancipative values.” Against this backdrop, lasting regime turnovers happen as a corrective response to glacially accruing regime-culture misfits–driven by generational value shifts into a pre-dominantly emancipatory direction. Consequently, the backsliding of democracies into authoritarianism is limited to societies in which emancipative values remain under-developed. Contrary to the widely cited deconsolidation-thesis, the prevalent generational profile in people’s moral orientations exhibits an almost ubiquitous ascension of emancipative values that will lend more, not less, legitimacy to democracy in the future.

AB - Recent accounts of democratic backsliding are negligent about the cultural foundations of autocracy-vs-democracy. To bring culture back in, I demonstrate that (1) the countries’ membership in culture zones explains some 70% of the global variation in autocracy-vs-democracy and (2) that this culture-bound variation has remained astoundingly constant over time–in spite of all the trending patterns in the global distribution of regime types over the last 120 years. Furthermore, the explanatory power of culture zones over autocracy-vs-democracy roots in the cultures’ differentiation on “authoritarian-vs-emancipative values.” Against this backdrop, lasting regime turnovers happen as a corrective response to glacially accruing regime-culture misfits–driven by generational value shifts into a pre-dominantly emancipatory direction. Consequently, the backsliding of democracies into authoritarianism is limited to societies in which emancipative values remain under-developed. Contrary to the widely cited deconsolidation-thesis, the prevalent generational profile in people’s moral orientations exhibits an almost ubiquitous ascension of emancipative values that will lend more, not less, legitimacy to democracy in the future.

KW - autocracy

KW - Autocratization

KW - culture zones

KW - democracy

KW - emancipative values

KW - regime change

KW - Politics

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85102514462&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1080/13510347.2021.1883001

DO - 10.1080/13510347.2021.1883001

M3 - Journal articles

AN - SCOPUS:85102514462

VL - 28

SP - 992

EP - 1016

JO - Democratization

JF - Democratization

SN - 1351-0347

IS - 5

ER -