Brominated flame retardants and dechlorane plus in the marine atmosphere from Southeast Asia toward Antarctica

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Brominated flame retardants and dechlorane plus in the marine atmosphere from Southeast Asia toward Antarctica. / Möller, Axel; Xie, Zhiyong; Cai, Minghong et al.
in: Environmental Science & Technology, Jahrgang 46, Nr. 6, 20.03.2012, S. 3141-3148.

Publikation: Beiträge in ZeitschriftenZeitschriftenaufsätzeForschungbegutachtet

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@article{dbfd206e623b46dab8440add462c2874,
title = "Brominated flame retardants and dechlorane plus in the marine atmosphere from Southeast Asia toward Antarctica",
abstract = "The occurrence, distribution, and temperature dependence in the marine atmosphere of several alternative brominated flame retardants (BFRs), Dechlorane Plus (DP) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were investigated during a sampling cruise from the East Indian Archipelago toward the Indian Ocean and further to the Southern Ocean. Elevated concentrations were observed over the East Indian Archipelago, especially of the non-PBDE BFR hexabromobenzene (HBB) with concentrations up to 26 pg m-3 which were found to be related to continental air masses from the East Indian Archipelago. Other alternative BFRs- pentabromotoulene (PBT), pentabromobenzene (PBBz), and 2,3-dibromopropyl-2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (DPTE)-were elevated, too, with concentrations up to 2.8, 4.3, and 2.3 pg m-3, respectively. DP was detected from 0.26 to 11 pg m-3 and bis-(2-ethylhexyl)- tetrabromophthalate (TBPH) ranged from not detected (nd) to 2.8 pg m -3, respectively. PBDEs ranged from nd to 6.6 pg m-3 (∑10PBDEs) with the highest individual concentrations for BDE-209. The approach of Clausius-Clapeyron (CC) plots indicates that HBB is dominated by long-range atmospheric transport at lower temperatures over the Indian and Southern Ocean, while volatilization processes and additional atmospheric emissions dominate at higher temperatures. In contrast, BDE-28 and -47 are dominated by long-range transport without fresh emissions over the entire cruise transect and temperature range, indicating limited fresh emissions of the meanwhile classic PBDEs.",
keywords = "Chemistry, Antarctica, Atmospheric emission, Atmospheric transport, Bde-209, Brominated flame retardants, Brominated flame retardants (BFRs), Continental air mass, Dechlorane plus, Elevated concentrations, Hexabromobenzene, Higher temperatures, Indian ocean, Long range transport, Marine atmosphere, Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDEs), Southeast Asia, Southern ocean, Temperature dependence, Temperature range, Volatilization process",
author = "Axel M{\"o}ller and Zhiyong Xie and Minghong Cai and Renate Sturm and Ralf Ebinghaus",
year = "2012",
month = mar,
day = "20",
doi = "10.1021/es300138q",
language = "English",
volume = "46",
pages = "3141--3148",
journal = "Environmental Science & Technology",
issn = "0013-936X",
publisher = "ACS Publications",
number = "6",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Brominated flame retardants and dechlorane plus in the marine atmosphere from Southeast Asia toward Antarctica

AU - Möller, Axel

AU - Xie, Zhiyong

AU - Cai, Minghong

AU - Sturm, Renate

AU - Ebinghaus, Ralf

PY - 2012/3/20

Y1 - 2012/3/20

N2 - The occurrence, distribution, and temperature dependence in the marine atmosphere of several alternative brominated flame retardants (BFRs), Dechlorane Plus (DP) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were investigated during a sampling cruise from the East Indian Archipelago toward the Indian Ocean and further to the Southern Ocean. Elevated concentrations were observed over the East Indian Archipelago, especially of the non-PBDE BFR hexabromobenzene (HBB) with concentrations up to 26 pg m-3 which were found to be related to continental air masses from the East Indian Archipelago. Other alternative BFRs- pentabromotoulene (PBT), pentabromobenzene (PBBz), and 2,3-dibromopropyl-2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (DPTE)-were elevated, too, with concentrations up to 2.8, 4.3, and 2.3 pg m-3, respectively. DP was detected from 0.26 to 11 pg m-3 and bis-(2-ethylhexyl)- tetrabromophthalate (TBPH) ranged from not detected (nd) to 2.8 pg m -3, respectively. PBDEs ranged from nd to 6.6 pg m-3 (∑10PBDEs) with the highest individual concentrations for BDE-209. The approach of Clausius-Clapeyron (CC) plots indicates that HBB is dominated by long-range atmospheric transport at lower temperatures over the Indian and Southern Ocean, while volatilization processes and additional atmospheric emissions dominate at higher temperatures. In contrast, BDE-28 and -47 are dominated by long-range transport without fresh emissions over the entire cruise transect and temperature range, indicating limited fresh emissions of the meanwhile classic PBDEs.

AB - The occurrence, distribution, and temperature dependence in the marine atmosphere of several alternative brominated flame retardants (BFRs), Dechlorane Plus (DP) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were investigated during a sampling cruise from the East Indian Archipelago toward the Indian Ocean and further to the Southern Ocean. Elevated concentrations were observed over the East Indian Archipelago, especially of the non-PBDE BFR hexabromobenzene (HBB) with concentrations up to 26 pg m-3 which were found to be related to continental air masses from the East Indian Archipelago. Other alternative BFRs- pentabromotoulene (PBT), pentabromobenzene (PBBz), and 2,3-dibromopropyl-2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (DPTE)-were elevated, too, with concentrations up to 2.8, 4.3, and 2.3 pg m-3, respectively. DP was detected from 0.26 to 11 pg m-3 and bis-(2-ethylhexyl)- tetrabromophthalate (TBPH) ranged from not detected (nd) to 2.8 pg m -3, respectively. PBDEs ranged from nd to 6.6 pg m-3 (∑10PBDEs) with the highest individual concentrations for BDE-209. The approach of Clausius-Clapeyron (CC) plots indicates that HBB is dominated by long-range atmospheric transport at lower temperatures over the Indian and Southern Ocean, while volatilization processes and additional atmospheric emissions dominate at higher temperatures. In contrast, BDE-28 and -47 are dominated by long-range transport without fresh emissions over the entire cruise transect and temperature range, indicating limited fresh emissions of the meanwhile classic PBDEs.

KW - Chemistry

KW - Antarctica

KW - Atmospheric emission

KW - Atmospheric transport

KW - Bde-209

KW - Brominated flame retardants

KW - Brominated flame retardants (BFRs)

KW - Continental air mass

KW - Dechlorane plus

KW - Elevated concentrations

KW - Hexabromobenzene

KW - Higher temperatures

KW - Indian ocean

KW - Long range transport

KW - Marine atmosphere

KW - Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDEs)

KW - Southeast Asia

KW - Southern ocean

KW - Temperature dependence

KW - Temperature range

KW - Volatilization process

UR - https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84858638752&origin=inward&txGid=0

U2 - 10.1021/es300138q

DO - 10.1021/es300138q

M3 - Journal articles

C2 - 22376139

AN - SCOPUS:84858638752

VL - 46

SP - 3141

EP - 3148

JO - Environmental Science & Technology

JF - Environmental Science & Technology

SN - 0013-936X

IS - 6

ER -

DOI