Atmospheric fate of poly- and perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs): II. Emission source strength in summer in Zurich, Switzerland
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Atmospheric fate of poly- and perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) : II. Emission source strength in summer in Zurich, Switzerland. / Wang, Zhanyun; Scheringer, Martin; MacLeod, Matthew et al.
in: Environmental Pollution, Jahrgang 169, 10.2012, S. 204-209.Publikation: Beiträge in Zeitschriften › Zeitschriftenaufsätze › Forschung › begutachtet
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Atmospheric fate of poly- and perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs)
T2 - II. Emission source strength in summer in Zurich, Switzerland
AU - Wang, Zhanyun
AU - Scheringer, Martin
AU - MacLeod, Matthew
AU - Bogdal, Christian
AU - Müller, Claudia
AU - Gerecke, Andreas
AU - Hungerbuehler, Konrad
PY - 2012/10
Y1 - 2012/10
N2 - Fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) and perfluorooctane sulfonamides (FOSAs) are present in consumer products and are semi-volatile precursors of persistent perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs). The high variability of levels of FTOHs and FOSAs in products makes it difficult to derive FTOH- and FOSA-emissions from urban areas based on emission factors. Here we used a multimedia mass balance model that describes the day–night cycle of semi-volatile organic chemicals in air to interpret measurements of 8:2 FTOH, 10:2 FTOH, MeFOSA and EtFOSA from a sampling campaign in summer 2010 in Zurich, Switzerland. The estimated emission source strength of the four substances follows the sequence: 8:2 FTOH (2.6 g/h) > 10:2 FTOH (0.75 g/h) > MeFOSA (0.08 g/h) > EtFOSA (0.05 g/h). There is no FTOHs- or FOSAs-related industry in Zurich. Accordingly, our estimates are representative of diffusive emissions during use and disposal of consumer products, and describe noticeable sources of these PFASs to the environment.
AB - Fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) and perfluorooctane sulfonamides (FOSAs) are present in consumer products and are semi-volatile precursors of persistent perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs). The high variability of levels of FTOHs and FOSAs in products makes it difficult to derive FTOH- and FOSA-emissions from urban areas based on emission factors. Here we used a multimedia mass balance model that describes the day–night cycle of semi-volatile organic chemicals in air to interpret measurements of 8:2 FTOH, 10:2 FTOH, MeFOSA and EtFOSA from a sampling campaign in summer 2010 in Zurich, Switzerland. The estimated emission source strength of the four substances follows the sequence: 8:2 FTOH (2.6 g/h) > 10:2 FTOH (0.75 g/h) > MeFOSA (0.08 g/h) > EtFOSA (0.05 g/h). There is no FTOHs- or FOSAs-related industry in Zurich. Accordingly, our estimates are representative of diffusive emissions during use and disposal of consumer products, and describe noticeable sources of these PFASs to the environment.
KW - Chemistry
KW - Fluorotelomer alcohols
KW - FTOHs
KW - Perfluorooctane sulfonamides
KW - FOSAs
KW - Emission source strength
KW - Nocturnal boundary layer
KW - Diel pattern
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84863793574&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.03.037
DO - 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.03.037
M3 - Journal articles
C2 - 22621939
VL - 169
SP - 204
EP - 209
JO - Environmental Pollution
JF - Environmental Pollution
SN - 0269-7491
ER -