Air-sea exchange fluxes of synthetic polycyclic musks in the North Sea and the Arctic
Publikation: Beiträge in Zeitschriften › Zeitschriftenaufsätze › Forschung › begutachtet
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in: Environmental Science & Technology, Jahrgang 41, Nr. 16, 15.08.2007, S. 5654-5659.
Publikation: Beiträge in Zeitschriften › Zeitschriftenaufsätze › Forschung › begutachtet
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Air-sea exchange fluxes of synthetic polycyclic musks in the North Sea and the Arctic
AU - Xie, Zhiyong
AU - Ebinghaus, Ralf
AU - Temme, Christian
AU - Heemken, Olaf
AU - Ruck, Wolfgang
PY - 2007/8/15
Y1 - 2007/8/15
N2 - Synthetic polycyclic musk fragrances Galaxolide (HHCB) and Tonalide (AHTN) were measured simultaneously in air and seawater in the Arctic and the North Sea and in the rural air of northern Germany. Median concentrations of gasphase HHCB and AHTN were 4 and 18 pg M-3 in the Arctic, 28 and 18 pg M-3 in the North Sea, and 71 and 21 pg M-3 in northern Germany, respectively. Various ratios of HHCB/AHTN implied that HHCB is quickly removed by atmospheric degradation, while AHTN is relatively persistent in the atmosphere. Dissolved concentrations ranged from 12 to 2030 pg L-1 for HHCB and from below the method detection limit (3 pg L-1) to 965 pg L-1 for AHTN with median values of 59 and 23 pg L-1, respectively. The medians of volatilization fluxes for HHCB and AHTN were 27.2 and 14.2 ng M-2 day(-1) and the depositional fluxes were 5.9 and 3.3 ng M-2 day(-1) , respectively, indicating waterto-air volatilization is a significant process to eliminate HHCB and AHTN from the North Sea. In the Arctic, deposition fluxes dominated the air-sea gas exchange of HHCB and AHTN, suggesting atmospheric input controls the levels of HHCB and AHTN in the polar region.
AB - Synthetic polycyclic musk fragrances Galaxolide (HHCB) and Tonalide (AHTN) were measured simultaneously in air and seawater in the Arctic and the North Sea and in the rural air of northern Germany. Median concentrations of gasphase HHCB and AHTN were 4 and 18 pg M-3 in the Arctic, 28 and 18 pg M-3 in the North Sea, and 71 and 21 pg M-3 in northern Germany, respectively. Various ratios of HHCB/AHTN implied that HHCB is quickly removed by atmospheric degradation, while AHTN is relatively persistent in the atmosphere. Dissolved concentrations ranged from 12 to 2030 pg L-1 for HHCB and from below the method detection limit (3 pg L-1) to 965 pg L-1 for AHTN with median values of 59 and 23 pg L-1, respectively. The medians of volatilization fluxes for HHCB and AHTN were 27.2 and 14.2 ng M-2 day(-1) and the depositional fluxes were 5.9 and 3.3 ng M-2 day(-1) , respectively, indicating waterto-air volatilization is a significant process to eliminate HHCB and AHTN from the North Sea. In the Arctic, deposition fluxes dominated the air-sea gas exchange of HHCB and AHTN, suggesting atmospheric input controls the levels of HHCB and AHTN in the polar region.
KW - Chemistry
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=34548074712&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/8c58bf90-62eb-3004-902f-90383467d135/
U2 - 10.1021/es0704434
DO - 10.1021/es0704434
M3 - Journal articles
VL - 41
SP - 5654
EP - 5659
JO - Environmental Science & Technology
JF - Environmental Science & Technology
SN - 0013-936X
IS - 16
ER -