Tree species richness attenuates the positive relationship between mutualistic ant-hemipteran interactions and leaf chewer herbivory
Research output: Journal contributions › Journal articles › Research › peer-review
Standard
In: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, Vol. 284, No. 1862, 20171489, 13.09.2017.
Research output: Journal contributions › Journal articles › Research › peer-review
Harvard
APA
Vancouver
Bibtex
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
T1 - Tree species richness attenuates the positive relationship between mutualistic ant-hemipteran interactions and leaf chewer herbivory
AU - Schuldt, Andreas
AU - Fornoff, Felix
AU - Bruelheide, Helge
AU - Klein, Alexandra Maria
AU - Staab, Michael
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2017 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.
PY - 2017/9/13
Y1 - 2017/9/13
N2 - Interactions across trophic levels influence plant diversity effects on ecosystem functions, but the complexity of these interactions remains poorly explored. For example, the interplay between different interactions (e.g. mutualism, predation) might be an important moderator of biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships. We tested for relationships between trophobioses (facultative ant-hemipteran mutualism) and leaf chewer herbivory in a subtropical forest biodiversity experiment. We analysed trophobiosis and herbivory data of more than 10 000 trees along a tree species richness gradient. Against expectations, chewing damage was higher on trees with trophobioses. However, the net positive relationship between trophobioses and overall herbivory depended on tree species richness, being most pronounced at low richness. Our results point to indirect, positive effects of ant-tended sap suckers on leaf chewers, potentially by altering plant defences. Direct antagonistic relationships of trophobiotic ants and leaf-chewing herbivores-frequently reported to drive community-wide effects of trophobioses in other ecosystems- seemed less relevant. However, antagonistic interactions likely contributed to the attenuating effect of tree species richness, because trophobiotic ant and herbivore communities changed from monocultures to species-rich mixtures. Our findings, therefore, suggest that biodiversity loss might lead to complex changes in higher trophic level effects on ecosystem functions, mediated by both trophic and non-trophic interactions.
AB - Interactions across trophic levels influence plant diversity effects on ecosystem functions, but the complexity of these interactions remains poorly explored. For example, the interplay between different interactions (e.g. mutualism, predation) might be an important moderator of biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships. We tested for relationships between trophobioses (facultative ant-hemipteran mutualism) and leaf chewer herbivory in a subtropical forest biodiversity experiment. We analysed trophobiosis and herbivory data of more than 10 000 trees along a tree species richness gradient. Against expectations, chewing damage was higher on trees with trophobioses. However, the net positive relationship between trophobioses and overall herbivory depended on tree species richness, being most pronounced at low richness. Our results point to indirect, positive effects of ant-tended sap suckers on leaf chewers, potentially by altering plant defences. Direct antagonistic relationships of trophobiotic ants and leaf-chewing herbivores-frequently reported to drive community-wide effects of trophobioses in other ecosystems- seemed less relevant. However, antagonistic interactions likely contributed to the attenuating effect of tree species richness, because trophobiotic ant and herbivore communities changed from monocultures to species-rich mixtures. Our findings, therefore, suggest that biodiversity loss might lead to complex changes in higher trophic level effects on ecosystem functions, mediated by both trophic and non-trophic interactions.
KW - Arthropods
KW - BEF-China
KW - Biodiversity and ecosystem function
KW - Forest
KW - Plant-insect interactions
KW - Trophobiosis
KW - Biology
KW - Ecosystems Research
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85029218651&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1098/rspb.2017.1489
DO - 10.1098/rspb.2017.1489
M3 - Journal articles
C2 - 28878067
AN - SCOPUS:85029218651
VL - 284
JO - Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
JF - Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
SN - 0962-8452
IS - 1862
M1 - 20171489
ER -