TY - JOUR

T1 - To separate or not to separate: what is necessary and enough for a green and sustainable extraction of bioactive compounds from Brazilian citrus waste

AU - Zuin, Vânia Gomes

AU - Ramin, Luize Z.

AU - Segatto, Mateus L.

AU - Stahl, Aylon M.

AU - Zanotti, Karine

AU - Forim, Moacir R.

AU - da Silva, Maria Fatima das Gracas F.

AU - Fernandes, Joao Batista

N1 - Conference code: 8

PY - 2021/1/1

Y1 - 2021/1/1

N2 - Increasing demands to obtain chemicals via greener and more sustainable materials and processes introduces concepts that should be considered and applied from lab to larger scales. Obtaining bioactive chemicals from agro-industrial non-food biomass waste can combine benign techniques and bio-circular economy to reach this goal. After extraction, evaluating profitability and environmental impacts to decide whether separation - and to what extent - is necessary or not is indispensable. This could be integrated into an approach known as sufficiency, as an important criterion for sustainability. From this perspective, Brazil's annual generation of 8 million tons of orange waste is relevant, since citrus waste has large amounts of highvalue compounds, such as pectin, D-limonene and flavonoids. This case study aimed at developing and comparing green and sustainable analytical methods to obtain flavonoids from orange peel. Homogenizer, ultrasound and microwave-assisted extractions were employed using chemometric tools, considering time, sample/solvent ratio, temperature and ethanol concentration as variables to obtain extracts containing hesperidin, naringenin, hesperetin and nobiletin. The bioactive flavonoids were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV). Microwave extraction was the most efficient method for obtaining the majority of flavonoids studied, six times more for hesperidin. Moreover, orange waste from different farming models showed diverse chemical profiles showing the importance of this alternative in natural product resources.

AB - Increasing demands to obtain chemicals via greener and more sustainable materials and processes introduces concepts that should be considered and applied from lab to larger scales. Obtaining bioactive chemicals from agro-industrial non-food biomass waste can combine benign techniques and bio-circular economy to reach this goal. After extraction, evaluating profitability and environmental impacts to decide whether separation - and to what extent - is necessary or not is indispensable. This could be integrated into an approach known as sufficiency, as an important criterion for sustainability. From this perspective, Brazil's annual generation of 8 million tons of orange waste is relevant, since citrus waste has large amounts of highvalue compounds, such as pectin, D-limonene and flavonoids. This case study aimed at developing and comparing green and sustainable analytical methods to obtain flavonoids from orange peel. Homogenizer, ultrasound and microwave-assisted extractions were employed using chemometric tools, considering time, sample/solvent ratio, temperature and ethanol concentration as variables to obtain extracts containing hesperidin, naringenin, hesperetin and nobiletin. The bioactive flavonoids were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV). Microwave extraction was the most efficient method for obtaining the majority of flavonoids studied, six times more for hesperidin. Moreover, orange waste from different farming models showed diverse chemical profiles showing the importance of this alternative in natural product resources.

KW - Agro-industrial residues

KW - bio-circular economy

KW - extraction

KW - flavonoids

KW - green and sustainable chemistry

KW - ICGC-8

KW - orange waste

KW - Sustainability Science

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85092563596&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1515/pac-2020-0706

DO - 10.1515/pac-2020-0706

M3 - Conference article in journal

VL - 93

SP - 13

EP - 27

JO - Pure and Applied Chemistry

JF - Pure and Applied Chemistry

SN - 0033-4545

IS - 1

T2 - 8th IUPAC Internatonal Conference on Green Chemistry - ICGC 2020

Y2 - 9 September 2018 through 14 September 2018

ER -