Background: Manufacturers attribute specific shoe and sole constructions to induce neuromuscular training. Thus, injury prevention or rehabilitation from injury is aimed. Hypothesis: H ₁ = Different shoe and sole constructions result in different load to the neuromuscular system and postural control. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: 10 healthy subjects were tested for postural stabilization using a force plate and EMG-recordings. First, each person performed three 20 sec single leg unshod stance trials (control condition). Then, MBT® shoe, Finnamic-Rollenschuh® and ReflexControl® shoe were applied and tested in a randomized order. Results: No difference in EMG-activity was detected comparing the barefoot condition with MBT® and Finnamic-Rollenschuh® (p = 0,051-1,000). However, with one exception (barefoot M. gastrocnemius med. EMG-activity; p = 0,110) puttingon the ReflexControl® shoe increased the EMG activities relative to all three tested muscles and shoe/barefoot conditions (p = 0,000-0,001). Moreover, the ReflexControl® shoe led to highly significantly higher postural sway (p = 0,000-0,072), while MBT®, Finnamic-Rollenschuh® and barefoot conditions were not statistically different (p = 0,818-1,000). Conclusions: This study confirms that during upright stance the ReflexControl® shoe is a means for neuromuscular training, while MBT® and Finnamic-Rollenschuh® simulate barefoot stance.