Presence, fate and risks of pharmaceuticals in the environment
Research output: Contributions to collected editions/works › Chapter › peer-review
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Green and Sustainable Medicinal Chemistry: Methods, Tools and Strategies for the 21st Century Pharmaceutical Industry. ed. / Louise Summerton; Helen F. Sneddon; Leonie C. Jones; James H. Clark. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2016. p. 63-72 (RSC Green Chemistry; Vol. 2016-January, No. 46).
Research output: Contributions to collected editions/works › Chapter › peer-review
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TY - CHAP
T1 - Presence, fate and risks of pharmaceuticals in the environment
AU - Kümmerer, Klaus
PY - 2016/3/14
Y1 - 2016/3/14
N2 - The history of the pharmaceutical sciences is a story of never ending creation of new molecules and searching for new mechanisms for the treatment of illness. The production and manufacturing of pharmaceuticals was associated for a long time with heavy pollution of the environment, as it was with the production of chemicals. Nowadays, at least in developed countries that is generally not the case anymore. However, pharmaceuticals, their metabolites and products of incomplete degradation are present in the environment because of their use, not because of improper treatment of waste and effluents from production. The presence of these compounds in the environment contributes to environmental pollution. Fate and effects are not yet fully understood.
AB - The history of the pharmaceutical sciences is a story of never ending creation of new molecules and searching for new mechanisms for the treatment of illness. The production and manufacturing of pharmaceuticals was associated for a long time with heavy pollution of the environment, as it was with the production of chemicals. Nowadays, at least in developed countries that is generally not the case anymore. However, pharmaceuticals, their metabolites and products of incomplete degradation are present in the environment because of their use, not because of improper treatment of waste and effluents from production. The presence of these compounds in the environment contributes to environmental pollution. Fate and effects are not yet fully understood.
KW - Chemistry
KW - green chemistry
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84975077035&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1039/9781782625940-00063
DO - 10.1039/9781782625940-00063
M3 - Chapter
SN - 978-1-78262-467-7
T3 - RSC Green Chemistry
SP - 63
EP - 72
BT - Green and Sustainable Medicinal Chemistry
A2 - Summerton, Louise
A2 - Sneddon, Helen F.
A2 - Jones, Leonie C.
A2 - Clark, James H.
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry
CY - Cambridge
ER -