Achieving the objectives of the German government's 2010 Energy Concept and the accelerated phase-out of nuclear energy will require significant investment in restructuring energy supply. In particular, these include investments in facilities for the use of renewable energies in the power and heating sector, as well as in infrastructure, such as power grids. In addition, substantial investment is needed to improve energy efficiency, for example, by insulating buildings. Model calculations by DIW Berlin show that a restructuring of energy supply could have a permanently positive effect on added value in Germany. Furthermore, these investments will lead to substantial savings of primary fossil energy sources. This is also accompanied by a reduction in energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. The existing framework conditions for investment in renewable power generation and electricity grids are largely appropriate and should, in principle, be maintained in the near future. Accelerating the refurbishment of buildings with energy-saving measures, however, will require additional incentives.