Emerging risks from ballast water treatment: The run-up to the International Ballast Water Management Convention
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In: Chemosphere, Vol. 112, 01.10.2014, p. 256-266.
Research output: Journal contributions › Scientific review articles › Research
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Emerging risks from ballast water treatment
T2 - The run-up to the International Ballast Water Management Convention
AU - Werschkun, Barbara
AU - Banerji, Sangeeta
AU - Basurko, Oihane C.
AU - David, Matej
AU - Fuhr, Frank
AU - Gollasch, Stephan
AU - Grummt, Tamara
AU - Haarich, Michael
AU - Jha, Awadhesh N.
AU - Kacan, Stefan
AU - Kehrer, Anja
AU - Linders, Jan
AU - Mesbahi, Ehsan
AU - Pughiuc, Dandu
AU - Richardson, Susan D.
AU - Schwarz-Schulz, Beatrice
AU - Shah, Amisha
AU - Theobald, Norbert
AU - von Gunten, Urs
AU - Wieck, Stefanie
AU - Höfer, Thomas
N1 - Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
PY - 2014/10/1
Y1 - 2014/10/1
N2 - Uptake and discharge of ballast water by ocean-going ships contribute to the worldwide spread of aquatic invasive species, with negative impacts on the environment, economies, and public health. The International Ballast Water Management Convention aims at a global answer. The agreed standards for ballast water discharge will require ballast water treatment. Systems based on various physical and/or chemical methods were developed for on-board installation and approved by the International Maritime Organization. Most common are combinations of high-performance filters with oxidizing chemicals or UV radiation. A well-known problem of oxidative water treatment is the formation of disinfection by-products, many of which show genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, or other long-term toxicity. In natural biota, genetic damages can affect reproductive success and ultimately impact biodiversity. The future exposure towards chemicals from ballast water treatment can only be estimated, based on land-based testing of treatment systems, mathematical models, and exposure scenarios. Systematic studies on the chemistry of oxidants in seawater are lacking, as are data about the background levels of disinfection by-products in the oceans and strategies for monitoring future developments. The international approval procedure of ballast water treatment systems compares the estimated exposure levels of individual substances with their experimental toxicity. While well established in many substance regulations, this approach is also criticised for its simplification, which may disregard critical aspects such as multiple exposures and long-term sub-lethal effects. Moreover, a truly holistic sustainability assessment would need to take into account factors beyond chemical hazards, e.g. energy consumption, air pollution or waste generation. © 2014 The Authors.
AB - Uptake and discharge of ballast water by ocean-going ships contribute to the worldwide spread of aquatic invasive species, with negative impacts on the environment, economies, and public health. The International Ballast Water Management Convention aims at a global answer. The agreed standards for ballast water discharge will require ballast water treatment. Systems based on various physical and/or chemical methods were developed for on-board installation and approved by the International Maritime Organization. Most common are combinations of high-performance filters with oxidizing chemicals or UV radiation. A well-known problem of oxidative water treatment is the formation of disinfection by-products, many of which show genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, or other long-term toxicity. In natural biota, genetic damages can affect reproductive success and ultimately impact biodiversity. The future exposure towards chemicals from ballast water treatment can only be estimated, based on land-based testing of treatment systems, mathematical models, and exposure scenarios. Systematic studies on the chemistry of oxidants in seawater are lacking, as are data about the background levels of disinfection by-products in the oceans and strategies for monitoring future developments. The international approval procedure of ballast water treatment systems compares the estimated exposure levels of individual substances with their experimental toxicity. While well established in many substance regulations, this approach is also criticised for its simplification, which may disregard critical aspects such as multiple exposures and long-term sub-lethal effects. Moreover, a truly holistic sustainability assessment would need to take into account factors beyond chemical hazards, e.g. energy consumption, air pollution or waste generation. © 2014 The Authors.
KW - Chemistry
KW - Ballast water treatment
KW - Disinfection by-products
KW - Environmental health
KW - Genotoxicity
KW - Marine pollution
KW - Risk assessment
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84904430905&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/df110b4c-3296-3796-bcb2-46f67c440d99/
U2 - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.03.135
DO - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.03.135
M3 - Scientific review articles
C2 - 25048914
AN - SCOPUS:84904430905
VL - 112
SP - 256
EP - 266
JO - Chemosphere
JF - Chemosphere
SN - 0045-6535
ER -