On the trajectory of discrimination: A meta-analysis and forecasting survey capturing 44 years of field experiments on gender and hiring decisions
Publikation: Beiträge in Zeitschriften › Zeitschriftenaufsätze › Forschung › begutachtet
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in: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Jahrgang 179, 104280, 01.11.2023.
Publikation: Beiträge in Zeitschriften › Zeitschriftenaufsätze › Forschung › begutachtet
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TY - JOUR
T1 - On the trajectory of discrimination
T2 - A meta-analysis and forecasting survey capturing 44 years of field experiments on gender and hiring decisions
AU - Gender Audits Forecasting Collaboration
AU - Schaerer, Michael
AU - Plessis, Christilene Du
AU - Nguyen, My Hoang Bao
AU - Aert, Robbie C.M.Van
AU - Tiokhin, Leo
AU - Lakens, Daniel
AU - Clemente, Elena Giulia
AU - Pfeiffer, Thomas
AU - Dreber, Anna
AU - Johannesson, Magnus
AU - Clark, Cory J.
AU - Uhlmann, Eric Luis
AU - Abraham, Ajay T.
AU - Adamus, Magdalena
AU - Akinci, Cinla
AU - Alberti, Federica
AU - Alsharawy, Abdelaziz M.
AU - Alzahawi, Shilaan
AU - Anseel, Frederik
AU - Arndt, Felix
AU - Balkan, Binnur
AU - Baskin, Ernest
AU - Bearden, Carrie E.
AU - Benotsch, Eric G.
AU - Bernritter, Stefan
AU - Black, Sheila R.
AU - Bleidorn, Wiebke
AU - Boysen, Andrew P.
AU - Brienza, Justin P.
AU - Brown, Mitch
AU - Brown, Stephanie E.V.
AU - Brown, Joshua W.
AU - Buckley, Jeffrey
AU - Buttliere, Brett
AU - Byrd, Nick
AU - Cígler, Hynek
AU - Capitan, Tabaŕe
AU - Cherubini, Paolo
AU - Chong, Shao Yuan
AU - Ciftci, Esma Esen
AU - Conrad, Cheryl D.
AU - Conway, Paul
AU - Costa, Elaine
AU - Cox, Jolene A.
AU - Cox, Daniel J.
AU - Cruz, Francisco
AU - Dawson, Ian G.J.
AU - Demiral, Elif E.
AU - Derrick, Jaye L.
AU - Siem, Birte
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors
PY - 2023/11/1
Y1 - 2023/11/1
N2 - A preregistered meta-analysis, including 244 effect sizes from 85 field audits and 361,645 individual job applications, tested for gender bias in hiring practices in female-stereotypical and gender-balanced as well as male-stereotypical jobs from 1976 to 2020. A “red team” of independent experts was recruited to increase the rigor and robustness of our meta-analytic approach. A forecasting survey further examined whether laypeople (n = 499 nationally representative adults) and scientists (n = 312) could predict the results. Forecasters correctly anticipated reductions in discrimination against female candidates over time. However, both scientists and laypeople overestimated the continuation of bias against female candidates. Instead, selection bias in favor of male over female candidates was eliminated and, if anything, slightly reversed in sign starting in 2009 for mixed-gender and male-stereotypical jobs in our sample. Forecasters further failed to anticipate that discrimination against male candidates for stereotypically female jobs would remain stable across the decades.
AB - A preregistered meta-analysis, including 244 effect sizes from 85 field audits and 361,645 individual job applications, tested for gender bias in hiring practices in female-stereotypical and gender-balanced as well as male-stereotypical jobs from 1976 to 2020. A “red team” of independent experts was recruited to increase the rigor and robustness of our meta-analytic approach. A forecasting survey further examined whether laypeople (n = 499 nationally representative adults) and scientists (n = 312) could predict the results. Forecasters correctly anticipated reductions in discrimination against female candidates over time. However, both scientists and laypeople overestimated the continuation of bias against female candidates. Instead, selection bias in favor of male over female candidates was eliminated and, if anything, slightly reversed in sign starting in 2009 for mixed-gender and male-stereotypical jobs in our sample. Forecasters further failed to anticipate that discrimination against male candidates for stereotypically female jobs would remain stable across the decades.
KW - Discrimination
KW - Field experiments
KW - Forecasting
KW - Gender
KW - Meta-analysis
KW - Open science
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85176269117&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.obhdp.2023.104280
DO - 10.1016/j.obhdp.2023.104280
M3 - Journal articles
AN - SCOPUS:85176269117
VL - 179
JO - Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes
JF - Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes
SN - 0749-5978
M1 - 104280
ER -