TY - JOUR

T1 - Modeling of temperature- and strain-driven intermetallic compound evolution in an Al-Mg system via a multiphase-field approach with application to refill friction stir spot welding

AU - Raza, Syed Hasan

AU - Mittnacht, Tobias

AU - Diyoke, George

AU - Schneider, Daniel

AU - Nestler, Britta

AU - Klusemann, Benjamin

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

PY - 2022/12/1

Y1 - 2022/12/1

N2 - The prospect of joining dissimilar materials via solid-state processes presents an opportunity to obtain multi-material structures having a synergy of desirable properties of the joined materials. However, the issue of the formation of intermetallic compounds at the weld interface of dissimilar materials arises with that, depending upon the temperature and pressure conditions as per phase diagram. As the thickness of the intermetallic compounds may determine the mechanical properties of the joint, understanding the driving mechanisms and evolution of these intermetallic compounds in solid-state joining processes, such as refill friction stir spot welding (refill FSSW), is crucial. In this contribution, we account for the effect of different driving forces in a multiphase-field approach and investigate the evolution of the intermetallic compounds driven by chemical and mechanical forces. A finite-element simulation of the refill FSSW is pursued to obtain the peak temperature and strain at different locations of the weld interface. The microstructure simulations obtained via the multiphase-field model give insight into the morphology and kinetics evolution of the intermetallic compounds for both, the absence of strain (purely chemically-driven model) as well as presence of strain (chemo-mechanically-driven model). The consideration of strain proves to result in thicker intermetallic compound layer. Furthermore, the impact of interface energy and initial grain configuration is found to be significant on the overall intermetallic compounds evolution.

AB - The prospect of joining dissimilar materials via solid-state processes presents an opportunity to obtain multi-material structures having a synergy of desirable properties of the joined materials. However, the issue of the formation of intermetallic compounds at the weld interface of dissimilar materials arises with that, depending upon the temperature and pressure conditions as per phase diagram. As the thickness of the intermetallic compounds may determine the mechanical properties of the joint, understanding the driving mechanisms and evolution of these intermetallic compounds in solid-state joining processes, such as refill friction stir spot welding (refill FSSW), is crucial. In this contribution, we account for the effect of different driving forces in a multiphase-field approach and investigate the evolution of the intermetallic compounds driven by chemical and mechanical forces. A finite-element simulation of the refill FSSW is pursued to obtain the peak temperature and strain at different locations of the weld interface. The microstructure simulations obtained via the multiphase-field model give insight into the morphology and kinetics evolution of the intermetallic compounds for both, the absence of strain (purely chemically-driven model) as well as presence of strain (chemo-mechanically-driven model). The consideration of strain proves to result in thicker intermetallic compound layer. Furthermore, the impact of interface energy and initial grain configuration is found to be significant on the overall intermetallic compounds evolution.

KW - Engineering

KW - Multiphase-field method

KW - Chemo-mechanical coupling

KW - Intermetallic compound

KW - Al-Mg system

KW - Solid-state joining process

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85138465012&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.jmps.2022.105059

DO - 10.1016/j.jmps.2022.105059

M3 - Journal articles

VL - 169

JO - Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids

JF - Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids

SN - 0022-5096

M1 - 105059

ER -