TY - JOUR

T1 - Mandelic acid derived ionic liquids

T2 - Synthesis, toxicity and biodegradability

AU - Prydderch, Hannah

AU - Haiß, Annette

AU - Spulak, Marcel

AU - Quilty, Brid

AU - Kümmerer, Klaus

AU - Heise, Andreas

AU - Gathergood, Nicholas

N1 - Funding Information: The authors HP, AHeise and NG have received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No. 289253. NG acknowledges funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement #621364 (TUTIC-Green). Antimicrobial screening (MS) was supported by Project No. 15-07332S of the Czech Science Foundation. The authors also wish to also acknowledge the contribution of Florian Gross for antimicrobial screening carried out at Dublin City University. Publisher Copyright: © The Royal Society of Chemistry.

PY - 2017/1/1

Y1 - 2017/1/1

N2 - A series of ten ionic liquids (ILs) was synthesised from the renewable resource mandelic acid. The ILs showed low antimicrobial activity towards the thirteen bacterial and twelve fungal strains they were screened against. A general trend of increasing bacterial toxicity in the order methyl ester 60% in 28 days), a series of biodegradation transformation products has been proposed based on the degradation of the ester/amide alkyl chain. This data has allowed for an assessment of the effect of IL structural features on toxicity and biodegradation, particularly allowing for a comparison to earlier work where additional oxygen atoms were present to facilitate biodegradation and attenuate toxicity. The mandelic acid derived ILs did not pass the Closed Bottle test (OECD 301D) and can be included in the rules of thumb for the design of biodegradable ILs.

AB - A series of ten ionic liquids (ILs) was synthesised from the renewable resource mandelic acid. The ILs showed low antimicrobial activity towards the thirteen bacterial and twelve fungal strains they were screened against. A general trend of increasing bacterial toxicity in the order methyl ester 60% in 28 days), a series of biodegradation transformation products has been proposed based on the degradation of the ester/amide alkyl chain. This data has allowed for an assessment of the effect of IL structural features on toxicity and biodegradation, particularly allowing for a comparison to earlier work where additional oxygen atoms were present to facilitate biodegradation and attenuate toxicity. The mandelic acid derived ILs did not pass the Closed Bottle test (OECD 301D) and can be included in the rules of thumb for the design of biodegradable ILs.

KW - Chemistry

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85009476044&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/6fa63ba8-3349-3518-bd3c-88c7efb66dec/

U2 - 10.1039/c6ra25562k

DO - 10.1039/c6ra25562k

M3 - Journal articles

AN - SCOPUS:85009476044

VL - 7

SP - 2115

EP - 2126

JO - RSC Advances

JF - RSC Advances

SN - 2046-2069

IS - 4

ER -