TY - JOUR

T1 - Limited effectiveness of EU policies to conserve an endangered species in high nature value farmland in Romania

AU - Loos, Jacqueline

AU - Gallersdörfer, Juliane

AU - Hartel, Tibor

AU - Dolek, Matthias

AU - Sutcliffe, Laura

N1 - Funding Information: European Commission. 2018. Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing rules on support for strategic plans to be drawn up by member states under the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP strategic plans) and financed by the European Agricultural Guarantee Fund (EAGF) and by the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) and repealing Regulation (EU) No 1305/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council. Eurlex, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, Luxembourg. [online] URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal- Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the author(s).

PY - 2021/10

Y1 - 2021/10

N2 - Colias myrmidone is extinct in most European countries of its historic range, and few populations remain in Poland, Slovakia, and Romania. In Romania, this butterfly occurs in traditional farming landscapes of Transylvania dominated by high nature value (HNV) grassland. Parts of these landscapes were recently designated as Natura 2000 areas. In this article, we share insights from our engagement in these Natura 2000 areas, in which agricultural intensification as well as abandonment threaten the survival of Colias myrmidone. We unravel which factors hinder the effective conservation of this rare farmland and ecotone species despite the legally binding nature of Natura 2000 and financial support for HNV grassland in Romania through the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Firstly, current financial incentives to maintain low-intensity agricultural practices are insufficient to avert land-use intensification or abandonment. Secondly, a lack of knowledge of the wider landscape beyond target areas limits our understanding of population dynamics and dispersal, which impedes the ability to inform conservation management adequately. Thirdly, the target areas have unclear governance arrangements regarding responsibilities and powers, which prevents transparent collaboration and management structures. To improve support for the HNV systems that are crucial for the conservation of endangered species of traditional agricultural landscapes at the local level, we recommend greater collaboration in conservation governance with small-scale farmers, co-development of management plans, and a shift toward results-based payments for conservation actions. At the EU level, we recommend adapting the CAP to genuinely support small-scale farming and to establish a pan-European monitoring scheme for indicator species of HNV farmland such as Colias myrmidone.

AB - Colias myrmidone is extinct in most European countries of its historic range, and few populations remain in Poland, Slovakia, and Romania. In Romania, this butterfly occurs in traditional farming landscapes of Transylvania dominated by high nature value (HNV) grassland. Parts of these landscapes were recently designated as Natura 2000 areas. In this article, we share insights from our engagement in these Natura 2000 areas, in which agricultural intensification as well as abandonment threaten the survival of Colias myrmidone. We unravel which factors hinder the effective conservation of this rare farmland and ecotone species despite the legally binding nature of Natura 2000 and financial support for HNV grassland in Romania through the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Firstly, current financial incentives to maintain low-intensity agricultural practices are insufficient to avert land-use intensification or abandonment. Secondly, a lack of knowledge of the wider landscape beyond target areas limits our understanding of population dynamics and dispersal, which impedes the ability to inform conservation management adequately. Thirdly, the target areas have unclear governance arrangements regarding responsibilities and powers, which prevents transparent collaboration and management structures. To improve support for the HNV systems that are crucial for the conservation of endangered species of traditional agricultural landscapes at the local level, we recommend greater collaboration in conservation governance with small-scale farmers, co-development of management plans, and a shift toward results-based payments for conservation actions. At the EU level, we recommend adapting the CAP to genuinely support small-scale farming and to establish a pan-European monitoring scheme for indicator species of HNV farmland such as Colias myrmidone.

KW - Ecosystems Research

KW - biodiversity governance

KW - butterflies

KW - common agricultural policy

KW - conservation planning

KW - Colias myrmidone

KW - Europe

KW - grassland

KW - Natura 2000

KW - results-based payments

KW - small-scale farming

KW - biodiversity governance

KW - butterflies

KW - common agricultural policy

KW - conservation planning

KW - Colias myrmidone

KW - Europe

KW - grassland

KW - Natura 2000

KW - results-based payments

KW - small-scale farming

UR - https://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol26/iss3/

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85112056281&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.5751/ES-12489-260303

DO - 10.5751/ES-12489-260303

M3 - Journal articles

VL - 26

JO - Ecology and Society

JF - Ecology and Society

SN - 1708-3087

IS - 3

M1 - 3

ER -